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Exposure to organic isocyanates in the atmosphere of a polyurethane-foam-producing company resulted in microcystic corneal epithelial edema and conjunctival injection localized primarily in the palpebral fissure. The degree of microcystic edema and decreased visual acuity appeared to be related to
BACKGROUND
A toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI)-induced asthma model, in which delayed-type hypersensitivity-like asthmatic airway obstruction is elicited restrictively in the lung, has never been developed.
METHODS
Guinea pigs were percutaneously sensitized with TDI. For the challenges, once every 2
OBJECTIVE
To determine the protective effects of vitamin E against the damage inflicted by reactive oxygen species during toluene induced brain injury in rats using histopathological, biochemical, and behavioral parameters.
METHODS
Twenty-eight Wistar albino male rats were studied at Hacettepe
The airway edema that develops in guinea pigs after exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) requires the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). To determine whether this airway edema is mediated by the release of hydrogen peroxide from PMN, we treated animals intravenously with catalase
To determine the role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in the airway edema that accompanies airway inflammation, we studied the effects of a 1-h exposure to 2 ppm toluene diisocyanate (TDI) on tracheal extravasation of Evans blue dye and on the concentration of PMNs in the tracheal wall.
Exposing guinea pigs to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) causes an acute increase in airway responsiveness to inhaled acetylcholine. The mechanism of this increase in airway responsiveness is unknown. Capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves and the tachykinins they release upon activation are important in
Intravenously administered endotoxin inhibits the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)-dependent airway edema produced in guinea pigs exposed to toluene diisocyanate (TDI). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is produced in vivo by peripheral blood monocytes and tissue macrophages stimulated with endotoxin and
It was demonstrated in a previous study that skin irritancy reactions could be accurately assessed by skin-fold measurements using a caliper. Eight solvents (trichloroethylene, toluene,1,1,2- trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane,n-hexane, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol--all
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the acute cardiotoxic effects of high dose toluene and its damage mechanisms on heart tissue in the acute period.
METHODS
Twenty adult male Wistar Albino rats (200-220 g) were used in this controlled experimental animal study. Animals were divided into two
OBJECTIVE
Asthma is an ailment of airways characterized by activation of the T helper (Th) 2 lymphocytes and subsequent movement of inflammatory cells. Boerhavia procumbens of family Nyctaginaceae is locally used for the treatment of asthma, cough, hemorrhoids, dropsy, cardiac, eyes and kidney
The aim of this study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on the lung injury in rats after chronic toluene exposure. The rats were randomly allotted into one of three experimental groups: control, toluene-treated and toluene-treated with TQ; each group
To facilitate pipeline transport of bitumen, it is diluted with natural gas condensate, and the resulting mixture, "dilbit", differs greatly in chemical composition to conventional crude oil. Despite the risk of accidental dilbit release, the effects of dilbit on aquatic animals are largely unknown.
We describe a case of an acute lethal poisoning with hydrocarbons resulting from massive accidental inhalation of gasoline vapors. The victim, a 50-year-old man was found unconscious inside a control room for the transport of unleaded fuel. Complete autopsy was performed and showed evidence of
JP-8 is the major jet fuel used by US Army and Air Force. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the percutaneous absorption of JP-8 across pig ear skin and human skin in vitro and to study the effect of JP-8 exposure on the skin barrier function and irritation in Yucatan minipigs. JP-8
Diisocyanates, commonly used in the production of polyurethane foams, paints, elastomers, varnishes, and coatings, are considered among the most hazardous inhalation toxicants. The present report describes 2 unusual cases of mortality in pigeon chicks associated with nesting material contaminated by