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tubocurarine/atrofia
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Canine gastrocnemius disuse atrophy: resistance to paralysis by dimethyl tubocurarine.
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Ten dogs developed unilateral gastrocnemius disuse atrophy after unilateral hindlimb immobilization in a cast for 25 days. Dose-response curves to dimethyl tubocurarine (MTC) were determined during anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium-N2O. Bolus and continuous infusion increments of MTC every 30 min
Mechanisms for the paradoxical resistance to d-tubocurarine during immobilization-induced muscle atrophy.
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This study investigated whether immobilization-induced hyposensitivity to d-tubocurarine (dTC), up-regulation of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) and changes in fiber size and motor endplate size persist indefinitely and whether they are causally related. Unilateral disuse of the tibialis muscle was
Thermal injury induces greater resistance to d-tubocurarine in local rather than in distant muscles in the rat.
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We tested the hypothesis that resistance to d-tubocurarine (dTC) is more intense in muscles closer to, than distant from, burn, and is related to the expression of immature and total acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). Anesthetized rats received approximately 4% surface area burn over the tibialis
Intensive anti-oxidant pretreatment retards motor nerve degeneration.
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Intensive pretreatment of cats with a combination of the antioxidants D-alpha-tocopherol (200 IU) and selenium (50 micrograms) once daily for 5 days (p.o.) was found to significantly preserve the functional capacity of degenerating soleus motor nerve terminals (measured at 48 h after axon section at
Beneficial action of glucocorticoid treatment on neuromuscular transmission during early motor nerve degeneration.
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The effects of a short-term, high-dose glucocorticoid pretreatment regimen (triamcinolone diacetate, 8 mg/kg i.m. daily for 7 days) were examined on neuromuscular transmission deficits observed in the in vivo cat soleus nerve-muscle preparation at 48 hr after soleus nerve transection. The pretreated
Disuse and d-tubocurarine sensitivity in isolated muscles.
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The effect of immobilization on subsequent sensitivity of limb muscles to d-tubocurarine was examined in a guinea pig model. A foreleg was immobilized in a cast for 1-4 weeks. At the end of this period, isolated nerve-lumbrical muscle preparations were set up and sensitivity to d-tubocurarine
Prednisolone-induced muscle dysfunction is caused more by atrophy than by altered acetylcholine receptor expression.
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Large doses of glucocorticoids can alter muscle physiology and susceptibility to neuromuscular blocking drugs by mechanisms not clearly understood. We investigated the effects of moderate and large doses of prednisolone on muscle function and pharmacology, and their relationship to changes in muscle
Murine muscle engineered from dermal precursors: an in vitro model for skeletal muscle generation, degeneration, and fatty infiltration.
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Skeletal muscle can be engineered by converting dermal precursors into muscle progenitors and differentiated myocytes. However, the efficiency of muscle development remains relatively low and it is currently unclear if this is due to poor characterization of the myogenic precursors, the protocols
Abnormalities of aneural and innervated cultured muscle fibers from patients with myotonic atrophy (dystrophy).
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Innervation of human muscle cocultured in monolayer with explants of fetal rat spinal cord plus dorsal-root ganglia produces more mature fibers, which show spontaneous, neurogenic (d-tubocurarine-blocked) contractions. On the innervated myotonic atrophy (MA) muscle fibers, 96% of
Isolated, blood-perfused phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation of the dog: description of a new method and effects of neuromuscular blocking agents on twitch tension and blood flow.
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An isolated, blood-perfused phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation of the dog was developed for pharmacological investigation. A hemi-diaphragm with the ipsi-lateral phrenic nerve intact was excised from a dog anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and was perfused with arterial blood from a donor dog
Use of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents in mechanically ventilated patients.
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The pharmacology and history of development of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents are presented, and the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these agents, administration guidelines for mechanically ventilated patients, adverse effects, factors affecting paralysis, and methods for
Stimulated release of phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase in an isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation.
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Electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve in an isolated nerve-diaphragm preparation resulted in the release of phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase into the organ bath. The released enzyme was Ca2+-dependent and exhibited two pH optima. The enzyme was released in response to nerve stimulation
Stimulation of non-alpha7 nicotinic receptors partially protects dopaminergic neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced toxicity in culture.
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Previous work has shown that nicotine treatment protects against nigrostriatal degeneration in rodents, findings that may be of relevance to the decreased incidence of Parkinson's disease in cigarette smokers. In the present studies, we investigated the effect of nicotine against
Mechanisms underlying the prolonged duration of action of muscle relaxants caused by extrahepatic cholestasis.
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The neuromuscular blocking effects of Org 6368 and Org NC 45 were studied in rats with experimental cholestasis and in controls. The effect of Org NC 45 during infusion of taurocholate was investigated. In cholestatic rats we observed a three-fold increase of the duration of action of Org 6368 and
The innervation of skeletal muscles in chickens curarized during early development.
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Chicken embryos were treated with partially paralysing doses of d-tubocurarine (dtc) from embryonic (E) days 6 to 10. The pattern of innervation of the lateral gastrocnemius (GL) muscle was examined both morphologically and physiologically just before hatching on day E20 or E21. There was a 70%
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