Large-scale protoplast isolation and regeneration of Arabidopsis thaliana.

A simple method for large-scale isolation and regeneration of Arabidopsis thaliana green protoplasts utilizing a novel starting material is presented. This technique takes advantage of shooty/embryogenic masses regenerating from fresh or cultured roots. There is no time-consuming mechanical isolation of starting material. Economical Bacto agar is used as an embedding agent. Plating efficiencies are between 5% and 10%. Seventy-six percent of protoplast-derived colonies produce shoots.