Subjects were randomized to receive Doxycycline capsules. The capsules were taken once daily for 6 weeks and evaluated every 2 weeks.

Subjects were randomized to receive comedone extraction. Comedone extraction were done three times, and evaluated every 2 weeks.

Acne Vulgaris

Doxycycline capsule 100 mg/day, tretinoin cream 0.05% on face every night, benzoyl peroxide gel 2.5% on face in the morning and afternoon.

Doxycycline Capsule

Comedone extraction, tretinoin cream 0.05% on face every night, benzoyl peroxide gel 2.5% on face in the morning and afternoon.

Comedone extraction

Comedone Extraction and Oral Doxycycline In The First Line Treatment of Moderate Acne Vulgaris

Effectiveness of Comedone Extraction and Oral Doxycycline In The First Line Treatment of Moderate Acne Vulgaris: Study on HIF-1 Alpha Expression

Numeric data of total reduction (improvement) of inflammatory lesions
(Baseline inflammatory lesion count) - (Week 2 inflammatory lesion count)
__________________________________________________________ x 100% Baseline inflammatory lesion count

Numeric data of total reduction (improvement) of inflammatory lesions
(Baseline inflammatory lesion count) - (Week 4 inflammatory lesion count)
__________________________________________________________ x 100% Baseline inflammatory lesion count

Numeric data of total reduction (improvement) of inflammatory lesions
(Baseline inflammatory lesion count) - (Week 6 inflammatory lesion count)
__________________________________________________________ x 100% Baseline inflammatory lesion count

Numeric data of total reduction (improvement) of non-inflammatory lesions
(Baseline non-inflammatory lesion count) - (Week 2 non-inflammatory lesion count)
__________________________________________________________ x 100% Baseline non-inflammatory lesion count

Numeric data of total reduction (improvement) of non-inflammatory lesions
(Baseline non-inflammatory lesion count) - (Week 4 non-inflammatory lesion count)
__________________________________________________________ x 100% Baseline non-inflammatory lesion count

Numeric data of total reduction (improvement) of non-inflammatory lesions
(Baseline non-inflammatory lesion count) - (Week 6 non-inflammatory lesion count)
__________________________________________________________ x 100% Baseline non-inflammatory lesion count

Improvement of clinical manifestation based on subjective complaints. Subjects were asked to grade overall response using rating scale (0-4), with higher score means a better outcome (0) no or minimal improvement
mild improvement
moderate improvement
robust improvement
very good improvement

Mild side effects if it did not need further management and research medication could be continued.
Moderate side effects if clinical manifestations were robust, itchy, pain, erythematous, yet did not need further management and temporary.
Severe side effects if it interfered daily activity, such as burn and pain sensastion, erythematous skin, edema, skin exfoliation, that needed further management.

Analysis of HIF-1 Alpha expression on keratinocyte cell of pilosebaceous ducts (samples from skin lesion biopsy) was examined with immunohistochemistry using antibody HIF-1 alpha which was visualized with microscope and photographed to achieve qualitative data.

The measurement of HIF-1 Alpha protein concentration in the sebaceous follicle ducts was conducted through ELISA examination with Cusabio Human Hypoxia-inducible factor

Dr.dr.Irma Bernadette, SpKK (K)

Irma Bernadette S. Sitohang, MD, PhD - Head of Division of Cosmetic Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

acne vulgaris/hypoxia

Comedone Extraction and Oral Doxycycline In The First Line Treatment of Moderate Acne Vulgaris

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