hyoscyamine/oksendamine

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A prospective, double-blind trial of L-hyoscyamine versus glucagon for the inhibition of small intestinal motility during ERCP.

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BACKGROUND Glucagon is often used to inhibit duodenal motility and enhance cannulation during ERCP. Levsin is an antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agent that may be as effective as glucagon. METHODS Three hundred eight patients requiring an antimotility agent during ERCP were randomized in a

LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury

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Antiemetics are used for the symptomatic management of nausea and vomiting that can be caused by a variety of medical conditions and situations, including acute gastroenteritis, pregnancy, surgery, anesthesia, opioids and chemotherapy. Antiemetics are rare causes of liver injury, partially because

[Chlorprothixene for premedication in children: oral versus intramuscular route (author's transl)].

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The effect of chlorprothixene (Taractan), a neuroleptic agent, administered either intramuscularly (1 mg/kg) or orally as a 4% solution (1,5-2 mg/kg), was compared in a double-blind study in 200 children between 11 months and 10 years of age. In addition, intramuscular 1-hyoscyamine (Bellafolin) was

Self-amputation of penis and tongue after use of Angel's Trumpet.

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This case report draws attention to the dramatic consequences of the consumption of Angel's Trumpet. Angel's Trumpet contains alkaloids (especially scopolamine, as well as hyoscyamine, atropine and other alkaloids) in a relatively high concentration. When intoxicated with Angel's Trumpet, patients

[Henbane (Hyoscyamus reticulatus) poisoning in children in the Negev].

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During 1984-1989, 19 Bedouin children, 4-8 years old, were hospitalized because of henbane plant (Hyoscyamus reticulatus) poisoning. There were 14 cases in the autumn, 3 in the spring and 2 in the summer. The most prominent signs were altered state of consciousness (including deep coma in 3) and

DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Atropine, Scopolamine, and Other Anticholinergic Deliriant Hallucinogens.

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Anticholinergic drugs based on tropane alkaloids, including atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine, have been used for various medicinal and toxic purposes for millennia. These drugs are competitive antagonists of acetylcholine muscarinic (M-) receptors that potently modulate the central nervous

Black henbane and its toxicity - a descriptive review.

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Black henbane (BH) or Hyoscyamus niger, has been used as a medicine since last centuries and has been described in all traditional medicines. It applies as a herbal medicine, but may induce intoxication accidentally or intentionally. All part of BH including leaves, seeds and roots contain some

Tropane Alkaloids: Chemistry, Pharmacology, Biosynthesis and Production.

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Tropane alkaloids (TA) are valuable secondary plant metabolites which are mostly found in high concentrations in the Solanaceae and Erythroxylaceae families. The TAs, which are characterized by their unique bicyclic tropane ring system, can be divided into three major groups: hyoscyamine and

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in clinical use of scopolamine.

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The alkaloid L-(-)-scopolamine [L-(-)-hyoscine] competitively inhibits muscarinic receptors for acetylcholine and acts as a nonselective muscarinic antagonist, producing both peripheral antimuscarinic properties and central sedative, antiemetic, and amnestic effects. The parasympatholytic

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