Provided herein are compositions, methods, and kits for proliferating muscle cells by exposing the muscle cells to a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) compound or compound that activates PGE2 signaling. Also provided are methods for regenerating muscle in a subject suffering from muscular atrophy, dystrophy, and/or injury by administering a PGE2 compound alone or in combination with isolated muscle cells. The PGE2 compound in combination with the isolated muscle cells can be administered prophylactically to prevent a muscle disease or condition.

The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University

Compositions and methods for muscle regeneration using prostaglandin E2

Disclosed is a method for treating macular degeneration in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a 15-keto-prostaglandin compound such as 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-20-ethyl-prostaglandin F.sub.2.sub..alpha. isopropyl ester.

Ueno; Ryuji

Cuppoletti; John

Sucampo AG

Method for treating macular degeneration

The invention is related to the novel compounds that have anti-oxident and anti-cancer activities. These compounds can protect (i) vital organs including the brain and the heart, (ii) skin cells, (iii) circulating cells such as red blood cells and white blood cells from physical, chemical and biological injuries either by pre-administration or post-administration. These compounds can be used to protect (iv) organs during transplant surgery by administering to a donar before removal of the organ and by administering to a receipient after transplantation. (v) These compounds can also protect red blood cells from the attack of malarial parasites. (vi) These compounds can be themselves be administered to cancer patients as low side-effect anti-cancer agents. They can also be administered to (vii) potentiate efficacy of existing other chemotherapeutic agents and (viii) to reduce side-effects of existing other chemotherapeutic agents. The compounds are synthesized by forming esters of ascorbic acid with either monomer of prostaglandin B.sub.2 or oligomers of prostaglandin B.sub.2. When compared with ascorbic acid in its original form, these esters have the following advantageous features: (a) they have high affinity to membrane lipids, thus they are more easily incorporated into cells; (b) they have a remarkable anti-oxidant activity; (c) these novel compounds can protect the cells and cell membranes by scavenging free radicals, which are known to deteriorate cell membranes; (d) these compounds possess anti-cancer activity; (e) they enhance the anti-cancer activity of existing other anti-cancer agents; and (f) they reduced the toxic side effects of other existing anti-cancer agents. These compounds can be administered orally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously or topically.

prostaglandin/atrophy

Compositions and methods for muscle regeneration using prostaglandin E2

Compositions and methods for muscle regeneration using prostaglandin E2

Method for treating macular degeneration

Synthesis and uses of new ascorbic acid derivatives which have anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activities

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