Quantitative changes in permeability of rat lung epithelium in lung edema.

The pulmonary absorption of 14C-labeled urea, mannitol, inulin, and dextran was measured in vivo in anesthetized rats with alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU)-induced (5 mg/kg, ip) lung edema. At 1 h after ANTU treatment, the absorption of mannitol was significantly increased; in 4-h ANTU-treated animals, the absorption of urea was unchanged, whereas the absorption of mannitol, inulin and dextran was increased markedly compared to controls. Although disappearance of each solute from control lungs could be described by a single, first-order rate, absorption time curves for mannitol and inulin showed at least two components in edematous lungs: a fast component(s) and a slower, first-order component; fast-component rates for the two saccharides appeared to be similar; the slow-component rate for each compound was not significantly different from its control rate. The results suggest that fast-component absorption in ANTU-treated rats represents a fraction of instilled solute which entered damaged areas of lung where the porosity of the absorbing membranes was markedly increased, whereas slow-component absorption occurred from normal areas of lung.