antidepressants/نکروز

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An antidepressant mechanism of desipramine is to decrease tumor necrosis factor-alpha production culminating in increases in noradrenergic neurotransmission.

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The monoamine theory of depression proposes decreased bioavailability of monoamines, such as norepinephrine (NE), as the underlying cause of depression. Thus, the antidepressant efficacy of NE-reuptake inhibitors such as desipramine is attributed to increases in synaptic concentrations of NE. The

Brain-derived tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its involvement in noradrenergic neuron functioning involved in the mechanism of action of an antidepressant.

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The present study documents a role for brain-derived tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) in the mechanism of action of the antidepressant drug desmethylimipramine (desipramine). To establish this role, field stimulation and superfusion of rat hippocampal slices was employed to investigate the

Antidepressant drug-induced alterations in neuron-localized tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA and alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor sensitivity.

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The pleiotropic cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor activation regulate norepinephrine (NE) release from neurons in the central nervous system. The present study substantiates the role of TNF as a neuromodulator and demonstrates a reciprocally permissive

A new chapter opens in anti-inflammatory treatments: the antidepressant bupropion lowers production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma in mice.

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In a wide range of human diseases of inflammatory nature like Crohn's disease, pathology is mediated in part by pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) or interferon-gamma. We show here that a commonly used generic antidepressant bupropion, in wide use worldwide to treat

Plasma levels of adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with remitted major depression receiving long-term maintenance antidepressant therapy.

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Adiponectin, an adipose tissue-specific plasma protein, is involved in insulin sensitization and has anti-atherosclerotic properties, whereas tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a pro-inflammatory protein, plays important roles in inflammatory endothelial injury and atherosclerotic changes. It

Antidepressants inhibit proton currents and tumor necrosis factor-α production in BV2 microglial cells.

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Proton channels are gated by voltage and pH gradients, and play an important role in the microglial production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are known to be suppressed by antidepressants. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that cytokine inhibition by antidepressants is due to an

Differential effect of a single high dose of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine on interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion following an in vivo lipopolysaccharide challenge in rats.

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Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) of which imipramine is one, are commonly used in the treatment of depressive disorders and other forms of psychiatric illness. There have been many reports regarding the suppressive effects of TCAs on immune function. However, information is still limited regarding

Neuronal-associated tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha): its role in noradrenergic functioning and modification of its expression following antidepressant drug administration.

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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine regulate norepinephrine (NE) release from noradrenergic nerve terminals in the central nervous system (CNS). In the present study, superfusion and electrical field stimulation were applied to a series of rat

The antidepressant fluoxetine induces necrosis by energy depletion and mitochondrial calcium overload.

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Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor antidepressants, such as fluoxetine (Prozac), have been shown to induce cell death in cancer cells, paving the way for their potential use as cancer therapy. These compounds are able to increase cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]cyt), but the involved

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha: presynaptic sensitivity is modified after antidepressant drug administration.

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Presynaptic adrenergic functioning was coupled to cytokine sensitivity in order to further establish the mechanism of action of a tricyclic antidepressant drug. Antidepressant administration of desipramine to rats twice-daily for 2 weeks increased hippocampal TNF levels and transformed the

Anti- and pro-inflammatory considerations in antidepressant use during medical illness: bupropion lowers and mirtazapine increases circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels.

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Involvement of the microglial NLRP3 inflammasome in the anti-inflammatory effect of the antidepressant clomipramine.

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Depression has recently been referred to as a neuroimmune disease because it is characterized by inflammatory changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Studies have demonstrated that microglial activation plays a crucial role in releasing inflammatory cytokines in the central

Depressive-like behavior induced by tumor necrosis factor-α is attenuated by m-trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide in mice.

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A growing body of evidence associates activation of immune system with depressive symptoms. Accordingly, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), have been shown to play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the

Olfactory bulbectomy provokes a suppression of interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha production in response to an in vivo challenge with lipopolysaccharide: effect of chronic desipramine treatment.

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The olfactory bulbectomized (OB) rat has been developed as an animal model of depression and exhibits several behavioural and neurochemical characteristics that are qualitatively similar to those found in clinically depressed patients. In addition to the behavioural and neurochemical abnormalities

Antidepressant and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of Bangpungtongsung-San

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Bangpungtongsung-san (BTS) is a traditional Korean medicine consisting of 18 herbs, some which have antidepressant effects. Here, we used an animal model of reserpine-induced depression and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia to assess the antidepressant and anti-neuroinflammatory

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Herbal & Natural Medicine

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