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ASB16165, a phosphodiesterase 7A inhibitor, reduces cutaneous TNF-alpha level and ameliorates skin edema in phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced skin inflammation model in mice.

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Possible role of phosphodiesterase 7A (PDE7A) in skin inflammation was examined using ASB16165, a specific inhibitor for PDE7A. Epicutaneous application of phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to mouse ear resulted in induction of skin edema, and topical treatment with ASB16165

Phorbol ester induction of 8-lipoxygenase in inbred SENCAR (SSIN) but not C57BL/6J mice correlated with hyperplasia, edema, and oxidant generation but not ornithine decarboxylase induction.

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Several responses suggested to be critical components of phorbol ester tumor promotion were compared in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) promotion-sensitive SSIN and TPA promotion-resistant C57BL/6J mice. SSIN mice treated topically with 2 micrograms of TPA showed extensive hyperplasia

Involvement of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced skin edema in mice.

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Topical application of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to mouse ear induced a prolonged skin inflammation. Histological analysis revealed that the early stage (approximately 3 h) and later stage (6-24 h) of the skin reaction are characterized by dermal edema and cell accumulation,

OKY-046 prevents increases in LTB4 and pulmonary edema in phorbol ester-induced lung injury in dogs.

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Thromboxanes (Txs) were implicated as possible participants in the altered microvascular permeability of acute lung injury when the Tx synthase inhibitor, OKY-046, was reported to prevent pulmonary edema induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Recently, however, we found that OKY-046, at a dose

Effect of indomethacin on increases in leukotriene B4 and pulmonary edema in response to phorbol ester administration in dogs.

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The administration of leukotrienes (LTs) into the pulmonary circulation results in edema formation and increased vascular permeability. We reported previously that the administration of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, 20 micrograms/kg) to intact anesthetized dogs results in a reduction in

Suppression by adrenoceptor beta-agonists of vascular permeability increase and edema formation induced by arachidonate metabolites, platelet-activating factor, and tumor-promoting phorbol ester TPA.

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Air-pouch-type inflammation was induced by injecting sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution containing leukotriene C4 (LTC4, 3.20 x 10(-7) M, 0.2 micrograms/ml) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 5.68 x 10(-6) M, 2.0 micrograms/ml), platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1 x 10(-6) M, 0.52 micrograms/ml), or

Role of prostaglandin H synthase isoforms in murine ear edema induced by phorbol ester application on skin.

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Topical application of TPA to a murine ear induced an edema that was accompanied by eicosanoid biosynthesis and an early enhancement of prostaglandin H synthase 2 (PGHS-2) expression. PGHS-2 induction may be correlated with the time-course of TPA-induced edema formation. Treatment with drugs that

Prostratin, a nonpromoting phorbol ester, inhibits induction by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate of ornithine decarboxylase, edema, and hyperplasia in CD-1 mouse skin.

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Pretreatment of CD-1 mouse skin with prostratin (12-deoxyphorbol 13-acetate) inhibited biological response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. The three responses examined were hyperplasia, induction of ornithine decarboxylase, and edema; the characteristics of inhibition depended on the specific

Edema and cell infiltration in the phorbol ester-treated mouse ear are temporally separate and can be differentially modulated by pharmacologic agents.

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The temporal patterns of edema and accumulation of the PMN marker enzyme, myeloperoxidase (MPO), were examined following application of tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) to mouse ears. After application of 2.5 micrograms TPA, edema peaked at 6 hr, while MPO activity peaked at 24 hr. Pharmacological

Effects of polyphenols derived from fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida on cell transformation, dermal edema and skin tumor formation by phorbol ester application.

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The dried fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida have been used traditionally as oriental medicine and local soft drink material recently. Previously, we demonstrated that C. pinnatifida exhibited anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory potential. To clarify the active components in anti-transformation and

Regulation of aquaporin-4 water channels by phorbol ester-dependent protein phosphorylation.

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The molecular mechanisms for regulating water balance in many tissues are unknown. Like the kidney, the eye contains multiple water channel proteins (aquaporins) that transport water through membranes, including two (AQP1 and AQP4) in the ciliary body, the site of aqueous humor production. However,

Neurogenic component of phorbol ester-induced mouse skin inflammation.

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Tumor-promoting phorbol esters are potent inflammatory agents for mouse skin, and the potential mechanistic role of inflammation in tumor promotion is under active investigation. We have shown previously that resiniferatoxin, a uniquely irritant phorbol-related diterpene, acts as a capsaicin

Effect of resiniferatoxin pretreatment on the inflammatory response to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate in mouse strains with different susceptibilities to phorbol ester tumor promotion.

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All tumor-promoting phorbol esters induce inflammation in mouse skin. The correlation between promoting and inflammatory activities is only partial, however, indicating that only some events in inflammation may be closely coupled to the process of tumor promotion. Resiniferatoxin (RTX), an extremely

Crucial role of phospholipase C epsilon in skin inflammation induced by tumor-promoting phorbol ester.

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In two-stage skin chemical carcinogenesis, phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) acts as a promoter essential for clonal expansion of the initiated cells carrying the activated ras oncogenes. Although protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes are the main targets of TPA, their role in tumor

Topical application of a platelet activating factor receptor agonist suppresses phorbol ester-induced acute and chronic inflammation and has cancer chemopreventive activity in mouse skin.

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Platelet activating factor (PAF) has long been associated with acute edema and inflammatory responses. PAF acts by binding to a specific G-protein coupled receptor (PAF-R, Ptafr). However, the role of chronic PAF-R activation on sustained inflammatory responses has been largely ignored. We recently

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