rhamnose/lituruohot

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Synthesis of Isorhamnetin-3-O-Rhamnoside by a Three-Enzyme (Rhamnosyltransferase, Glycine Max Sucrose Synthase, UDP-Rhamnose Synthase) Cascade Using a UDP-Rhamnose Regeneration System.

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Isorhamnetin-3-O-rhamnoside was synthesized by a highly efficient three-enzyme (rhamnosyltransferase, glycine max sucrose synthase and uridine diphosphate (UDP)-rhamnose synthase) cascade using a UDP-rhamnose regeneration system. The rhamnosyltransferase gene (78D1) from Arabidopsis

Crystal structure of a tetrameric GDP-D-mannose 4,6-dehydratase from a bacterial GDP-D-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway.
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d-Rhamnose is a rare 6-deoxy monosaccharide primarily found in the lipopolysaccharide of pathogenic bacteria, where it is involved in host-bacterium interactions and the establishment of infection. The biosynthesis of d-rhamnose proceeds through the conversion of GDP-d-mannose by GDP-d-mannose

Flavonol rhamnosylation indirectly modifies the cell wall defects of RHAMNOSE BIOSYNTHESIS1 mutants by altering rhamnose flux.
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Rhamnose is required in Arabidopsis thaliana for synthesizing pectic polysaccharides and glycosylating flavonols. RHAMNOSE BIOSYNTHESIS1 (RHM1) encodes a UDP-l-rhamnose synthase, and rhm1 mutants exhibit many developmental defects, including short root hairs, hyponastic cotyledons, and left-handed

Enhancing UDP-rhamnose supply for rhamnosylation of flavonoids in Escherichia coli through regulating modular pathway and improving NADPH availability
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UDP-rhamnose is a main type of sugar donor and endows flavonoids with special activity, selectivity and pharmacological properties by glycosylation. In this study, several UDP-glucose synthesis pathways and UDP-rhamnose synthases were screened to develop an efficient UDP-rhamnose biosynthesis

Structural insights into the monosaccharide specificity of Escherichia coli rhamnose mutarotase.
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The crystal structure of Escherichia coli rhamnose mutarotase (YiiL) is completely different from the previously reported structures of the Lactococcus lactis galactose mutarotase and the Bacillus subtilis RbsD (pyranase). YiiL exists as a locally asymmetric dimer, which is stabilized by an

Structural and biochemical insights into nucleotide-rhamnose synthase/epimerase-reductase from Arabidopsis thaliana.
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L-Rhamnose (Rha) is synthesized via a similar enzymatic pathway in bacteria, plants and fungi. In plants, nucleotide-rhamnose synthase/epimerase-reductase (NRS/ER) catalyzes the final step in the conversion of dTDP/UDP-α-D-Glc to dTDP/UDP-β-L-Rha in an NAD(P)H dependent manner. Currently, only

[Identification of glucose-responsive elements in the promoter of UDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis gene RHM1 in Arabidopsis thaliana].
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In plants, UDP-L-rhamnose is one of the major components of cell wall skeleton. Rhamnose synthase plays a key role in rhamnose synthesis which converts UDP-D-glucose into UDP-L-rhamnose in plants. In this study, we isolated the 1058 bp promoter region of the rhamnose synthase gene AtRHM1 from

New steps in mucilage biosynthesis revealed by analysis of the transcriptome of UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 (URGT2) mutant.
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Upon imbibition, epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds release a mucilage formed mostly by pectic polysaccharides. The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan,

Functional analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana RHM2/MUM4, a multidomain protein involved in UDP-D-glucose to UDP-L-rhamnose conversion.
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UDP-L-rhamnose is required for the biosynthesis of cell wall rhamnogalacturonan-I, rhamnogalacturonan-II, and natural compounds in plants. It has been suggested that the RHM2/MUM4 gene is involved in conversion of UDP-D-glucose to UDP-L-rhamnose on the basis of its effect on

Crystal structures of rhamnosyltransferase UGT89C1 from Arabidopsis thaliana reveal the molecular basis of sugar donor specificity for UDP-β-l-rhamnose and rhamnosylation mechanism.
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Glycosylation is a key modification for most molecules including plant natural products, for example, flavonoids and isoflavonoids, and can enhance the bioactivity and bioavailability of the natural products. The crystal structure of plant rhamnosyltransferase UGT89C1 from Arabidopsis thaliana was

The Arabidopsis root hair cell wall formation mutant lrx1 is suppressed by mutations in the RHM1 gene encoding a UDP-L-rhamnose synthase.
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Cell and cell wall growth are mutually dependent processes that must be tightly coordinated and controlled. LRR-extensin1 (LRX1) of Arabidopsis thaliana is a potential regulator of cell wall development, consisting of an N-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain and a C-terminal extensin-like domain

Overexpression of a cytosol-localized rhamnose biosynthesis protein encoded by Arabidopsis RHM1 gene increases rhamnose content in cell wall.
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l-Rhamnose (Rha) is an important constituent of pectic polysaccharides, a major component of the cell walls of Arabidopsis, which is synthesized by three enzymes encoded by AtRHM1, AtRHM2/AtMUM4, and AtRHM3. Despite the finding that RHM1 is involved in root hair formation in Arabidopsis,

A bifunctional 3,5-epimerase/4-keto reductase for nucleotide-rhamnose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
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l-Rhamnose is a component of plant cell wall pectic polysaccharides, diverse secondary metabolites, and some glycoproteins. The biosynthesis of the activated nucleotide-sugar form(s) of rhamnose utilized by the various rhamnosyltransferases is still elusive, and no plant enzymes involved in their

The Golgi localized bifunctional UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter family of Arabidopsis.
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Plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall that plays a key role in plant growth, structural integrity, and defense. The cell wall is a complex and diverse structure that is mainly composed of polysaccharides. The majority of noncellulosic cell wall polysaccharides are produced in the Golgi apparatus

Diversity of Pectin Rhamnogalacturonan I Rhamnosyltransferases in Glycosyltransferase Family 106
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Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) comprises approximately one quarter of the pectin molecules in land plants, and the backbone of RG-I consists of a repeating sequence of [2)-α-L-Rha(1-4)-α-D-GalUA(1-] disaccharide. Four Arabidopsis thaliana genes encoding RG-I rhamnosyltransferases (AtRRT1 to

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rhamnose/lituruohot

Synthesis of Isorhamnetin-3-O-Rhamnoside by a Three-Enzyme (Rhamnosyltransferase, Glycine Max Sucrose Synthase, UDP-Rhamnose Synthase) Cascade Using a UDP-Rhamnose Regeneration System.

Crystal structure of a tetrameric GDP-D-mannose 4,6-dehydratase from a bacterial GDP-D-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway.

Flavonol rhamnosylation indirectly modifies the cell wall defects of RHAMNOSE BIOSYNTHESIS1 mutants by altering rhamnose flux.

Enhancing UDP-rhamnose supply for rhamnosylation of flavonoids in Escherichia coli through regulating modular pathway and improving NADPH availability

Structural insights into the monosaccharide specificity of Escherichia coli rhamnose mutarotase.

Structural and biochemical insights into nucleotide-rhamnose synthase/epimerase-reductase from Arabidopsis thaliana.

[Identification of glucose-responsive elements in the promoter of UDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis gene RHM1 in Arabidopsis thaliana].

New steps in mucilage biosynthesis revealed by analysis of the transcriptome of UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 (URGT2) mutant.

Functional analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana RHM2/MUM4, a multidomain protein involved in UDP-D-glucose to UDP-L-rhamnose conversion.

Crystal structures of rhamnosyltransferase UGT89C1 from Arabidopsis thaliana reveal the molecular basis of sugar donor specificity for UDP-β-l-rhamnose and rhamnosylation mechanism.

The Arabidopsis root hair cell wall formation mutant lrx1 is suppressed by mutations in the RHM1 gene encoding a UDP-L-rhamnose synthase.

Overexpression of a cytosol-localized rhamnose biosynthesis protein encoded by Arabidopsis RHM1 gene increases rhamnose content in cell wall.

A bifunctional 3,5-epimerase/4-keto reductase for nucleotide-rhamnose synthesis in Arabidopsis.

The Golgi localized bifunctional UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter family of Arabidopsis.

Diversity of Pectin Rhamnogalacturonan I Rhamnosyltransferases in Glycosyltransferase Family 106

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