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Substantia nigra degeneration and tyrosine hydroxylase depletion caused by excess S-adenosylmethionine in the rat brain. Support for an excess methylation hypothesis for parkinsonism.

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The major symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are tremors, hypokinesia, rigidity, and abnormal posture, caused by degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and deficiency of DA in the neostriatal dopaminergic terminals. Norepinephrine, serotonin, and melanin pigments are

Trypanosoma cruzi has not lost its S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase: characterization of the gene and the encoded enzyme.

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All attempts to identify ornithine decarboxylase in the human pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi have failed. The parasites have instead been assumed to depend on putrescine uptake and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) for their synthesis of the polyamines spermidine and spermine. We have now

The upstream open reading frame of the mRNA encoding S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is a polyamine-responsive translational control element.

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S-Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) is a key enzyme in the pathway of polyamine biosynthesis. The cellular levels of the polyamines specifically regulate AdoMetDC translation through the 5'-leader of the mRNA, which contains a small upstream open reading frame (uORF) 14 nucleotides from

Demyelination and decreased S-adenosylmethionine in 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency.

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We previously described demyelination in the brain and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in a patient with 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency. To assess the role of methionine, S-adenosylmethionine, folate, and neurotransmitter amine metabolism in the demyelination

S-adenosylmethionine levels in psychiatric and neurological disorders: a review.

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BACKGROUND S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is an important methyl donor in over 35 methylation reactions involving DNA, proteins, phospholipids and catechol- and indole- amines. METHODS This article reviews the studies that have examined brain and blood levels of SAMe in several psychological,

Biochemical pathogenesis of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord and brain.

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In humans, subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord and brain, a primary demyelinating disease, is caused by cobalamin or methyltetrahydrofolate deficiency. Experimental studies into its pathogenesis suggest that dysfunction of the methyl-transfer pathway may be the cause. Compelling

TNFalpha-dependent hepatic steatosis and liver degeneration caused by mutation of zebrafish S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.

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Hepatic steatosis and liver degeneration are prominent features of the zebrafish ducttrip (dtp) mutant phenotype. Positional cloning identified a causative mutation in the gene encoding S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (Ahcy). Reduced Ahcy activity in dtp mutants led to elevated levels of

Striatal dopamine depletion, tremors, and hypokinesia following the intracranial injection of S-adenosylmethionine: a possible role of hypermethylation in parkinsonism.

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The major symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) are tremors, hypokinesia, rigidity, and abnormal posture, caused by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and deficiency of DA in the neostriatal DA terminals. Norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) levels in the

Enhanced susceptibility of photosynthesis to low-temperature photoinhibition due to interruption of chill-induced increase of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activity in leaves of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.).

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The possible involvement of polyamines in the chilling tolerance of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) was investigated focusing on photosynthesis. During chilling at 8/5C (day/night) for 6 d, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) activity increased significantly in leaves in parallel with the

S-adenosylmethionine in treatment of cholestasis after total parenteral nutrition: laboratory investigation and clinical application.

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OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) in the treatment of cholestasis after total parenteral nutrition (TPN). METHODS Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, hypercalorie group, hypercalorie+SAMe group, sepsis group and sepsis+SAMe group to compare their

S-adenosylmethionine regulates dual-specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase expression in mouse and human hepatocytes.

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Increased mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity correlates with a more malignant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) phenotype. There is a reciprocal regulation between p44/42 MAPK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK]1/2) and the dual-specificity MAPK phosphatase MKP-1/DUSP1. ERK

[Protective effects of S-adenosylmethionine against CCl4 - and ethanol-induced experimental hepatic fibrosis].

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In this study the effects of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) on experimental hepatic fibrotic rats induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) and ethanol and the relevant potential mechanisms were explored. Hepatic fibrotic rat models were established with CCl(4) diluted in olive oil being drunk with 10%

Changes in methionine adenosyltransferase and S-adenosylmethionine homeostasis in alcoholic rat liver.

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Liver-specific and non-liver-specific methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) are products of two genes, MAT1A and MAT2A, respectively, that catalyze the formation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). We previously showed that MAT2A expression was associated with more rapid cell growth. Changes in MAT

Absolute requirement of spermidine for growth and cell cycle progression of fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe).

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Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells that cannot synthesize spermidine or spermine because of a deletion-insertion in the gene coding for S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (Deltaspe2) have an absolute requirement for spermidine for growth. Flow cytometry studies show that in the absence of spermidine an

Cloning and base sequence analysis of a cDNA encoding mouse lung thioether S-methyltransferase.

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Thioether S-methyltransferase catalyzes transfer of the methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to X in compounds of the structure R-X-R', where X may be sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, and R and R' may be various organic groups. To obtain a cDNA clone of thioether S-methyltransferase, a mouse lung

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