After an 8-10 hour overnight fast, Group A will receive two soft capsules of TPGS (400mg) emulsified berberine. Following a 7 day wash out period, Group A participants will then receive four capsules of the Quillaja extract emulsified berberine (200mg). Following another 7 day wash out period, Group A participants will then receive two hard shell capsules of the berberine reference powder 400mg. Each TPGS and berberine reference powder capsules contains 400 mg berberine. Each Quillaja extract capsule contains 200 mg berberine. The total amount of berberine throughout is 800 mg.

After an 8-10 hour overnight fast, Group B will receive four soft capsules of Quillaja extract emulsified berberine (400mg). Following a 7 day wash out period, Group B participants will then receive two hard shell capsules of the berberine reference powder (400mg). Following another 7 day wash out period, Group B participants will then receive two soft gel capsules of TPGS emulsified berberine (400mg). Each TPGS and berberine reference powder capsules contains 400 mg berberine. Each Quillaja extract capsule contains 200mg berberine. The total amount of berberine throughout is 800 mg.

After an 8-10 hour overnight fast, Group C will receive two hard shell capsules of the berberine reference powder (400mg). Following a 7 day wash out period, Group C participants will then receive two soft gel capsules of TPGS emulsified berberine (400mg). Following another 7 day wash out period, Group C participants will then receive four capsules of the Quillaja extract emulsified berberine (200mg). Each TPGS and berberine reference powder capsules contains 400 mg berberine. Each Quillaja extract capsule contains 200mg berberine. The total amount of berberine throughout is 800 mg.

Healthy

Two capsules of berberine. Each capsule contains 400 mg berberine. The total amount of berberine throughout is 800 mg.

Berberine

Two capsules of TPGS/Quillaja extract emulsified berberine. Each capsule contains 400 mg berberine. The total amount of berberine throughout is 800 mg.

TPGS emulsified berberine

Four capsules of Quillaja extract emulsified berberine. Each capsule contains 200 mg berberine. The total amount of berberine throughout is 800 mg.

Quillaja extract emulsified berberine

Food Science and human nutrition department at University of Florida

The Absorption of Bioactive Berberine in Human

To Test the Efficacy of Novel Berberine Emulsification by TPGS or Quillaja Extract on the Absorption of Berberine Compared to Berberine Powder in Humans

To determine change in bioavailability of orally ingested berberine in human volunteers by increasing the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC).

To determine change in bioavailability of orally ingested berberine in human volunteers by increasing its plasma concentration peak concentration (Cmax).

To determine change in bioavailability of orally ingested berberine in human volunteers by increasing its the time point of maximum plasma concentration (Tmax).

To determine change in berberine metabolites concentrations.

University of Florida

Florida High Tech Corridor Council

Designs for Health, Inc.

Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome

Fenugreek seeds extract 500 mg

Clinical Evaluation of Furocyst in Patients With Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome

Efficacy and Safety of Furocyst in Patients With Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome

Chemical Resources

A20-50 (2 capsules). Each capsule contains:
Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis), Guarana seed (Paullinia cupana), Magnesium Oxide , Caffeine , Damiana (Turnera microphylla), Green tea (Camellia sinensis), Ginger (Zingiber Officinale), Kola nut (Cola acuminate or nitida), Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Tibetan Ginseng root (Rhodiola crenulata), Schisandra (Schisandra Chinensis), Jujube (Ziziphus Jujuba) , Cocoa nut (Theobroma cacao), Chinese Skullcap (Scutellaria Baicalensis), Black tea leaf (Thea sinensis), Rice flour (to fill)
Dose = 2 capsules have a total of 200 mg of caffeine

YGD blend (2 capsules). Each capsule contains:
Yerba Maté (leaf) , Guarana (seed) , Damiana (leaf) , Rice flour: to fill ,
The 2 capsules of the YGD blend contain about 40 mg xanthines (caffeine and caffeine-like stimulants).

Placebo (2 capsules). Each capsule contains:
Rice Flour

Obesity

3-arm crossover study for investigation of the effect of herbal supplements A20-50 compared to YGD blend and placebo on subjective appetite sensations, glucose, insulin, ghrelin, GLP-1, CCK and ad libitum energy intake

Appetite suppressant properties of YGD and A20-50

Department Of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen

Appetite Suppression Effects of an Herbal Combination of Yerba maté, Guarana, Damiana (YGD), and 12 Other Herbal Components, Versus YGD Supplementation Alone

Assessment of subjective appetite sensations (visual analogue scales (VAS)) at time 0 (baseline - prior to the test meal) and at time 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes post intake.
Measured subjective appetite sensations of hunger, satiety, prospective consumption, fullness, composite appetite score.

Assessment of subjective appetite sensations (visual analogue scales (VAS)) at time 0 (baseline - prior to the test meal) and at time 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes post intake.
Measured subjective sensory desires for something sweet, salty, rich in fat, or meat/fish

A venflon catheter was secured into the participants' antecubital vein, and a blood sample was taken (baseline). Immediately after the subjects were served the test compound (2 capsules). Blood samples were taken at 15 and 30 minutes after intake of the test compound (2 capsules). After 30 minutes post test compound consumption (time 0), the subjects were given a standard breakfast (2.0 MJ: bun with cheese, yoghurt, 200 ml orange juice). Additional blood samples were taken 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes post-meal

240 min after each test meal an ad libitum meal was served, and the total energy intake was recorded

After completion of the adlibitum meal the subjects will rate the organoleptic quality of the meal by visual analogue scales (VAS) in regard to appearance, smell, taste, after-taste, and general palatability.

After completion of the ad libitum meal the subjects will rate the subjective appetite sensations by visual analogue scales (VAS) in regard to sensation of hunger, satiety, prospective consumption, fullness, composite appetite score and sensory desires to eat something sweet, salty, rich in fat, or meat/fish.

body weight will be measured to the nearest 0.05 kg on a decimal scale.

heart rate were measured using an automatically inflating cuff.

blood pressure were measured using an automatically inflating cuff.

Body composition will be assessed by electric bioimpedance using an Animeter.

Arne Astrup

Professor, Dr Med

University of Copenhagen

Placebo 1.2 g per day for 12 weeks, followed by a second treatment period with aged garlic extract during 12 more weeks.

Aged garlic extract, 1.2 g per day for 12 weeks, followed by a second treatment period with placebo during 12 more weeks.

Metabolic Syndrome

Aged garlic extract, 1.2 g per day for 12 weeks

aged garlic extract

Placebo

Medicine School, Universidad de Santander

Trial of Supplementation With Aged Garlic Extract to Improve Endothelial Function in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL OF THE SUPPLEMENTATION WITH KIOLIC® IN PATIENTS WITH DIAGNOSIS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME TO IMPROVE ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND INFLAMMATORY STATE. "KYMES"

The flow mediated vasodilation is a non-invasive diagnostic test using high-resolution doppler ultrasound, that measures the changes in diameter of the brachial artery in response to increased blood flow (reactive hyperemia).
The plasma levels of nitrites/nitrates will be determined by immunoassay (R&D Systems, Inc)

During the initial and follow-up visits, a blood sample will be taken to determine C-reactive protein by high sensitivity chemiluminescent immunometric assay (IMMULITE 1000, DPC, Los Angeles, CA) and Interleukin-6 by immunoassay (Biosource International, Camarillo, CA)

Blood samples will be taken at the initial and follow-up visits (12,24 weeks) to determine blood glucose by automatic colorimetric method (Baker System 9120 AX, Biochem Immunosystem, Allentown, PA)and insulin plasma levels by high sensitivity chemiluminescent immunometric assay (IMMULITE 1000, DPC, Los Angeles, CA).

Anthropometric measures will be determined at the initial and follow-up visits (12,24 weeks).

Blood samples will be taken at the initial and follow-up visits (12,24 weeks) to determine adiponectin by Human Adiponectin/Acrp30 Quantikine ELISA (R&D Systems, USA)

saponin/lihavuus

The Absorption of Bioactive Berberine in Human

Clinical Evaluation of Furocyst in Patients With Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome

Appetite Suppression Effects of an Herbal Combination of Yerba maté, Guarana, Damiana (YGD), and 12 Other Herbal Components, Versus YGD Supplementation Alone

Trial of Supplementation With Aged Garlic Extract to Improve Endothelial Function in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

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