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The addition of ondansetron to the combination of metoclopramide, dexamethasone, and lorazepam did not improve vomiting prevention in patients receiving high-dose cisplatin.

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BACKGROUND Serotonin has been shown to be an important mediator of chemotherapy-induced vomiting. Ondansetron is a potent and highly specific antagonist of the 5-HT3 serotonin receptor. The objective of the current trial was to determine if the addition of ondansetron to the combination of

Effects of ondansetron and granisetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

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BACKGROUND Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common and potentially distressing adverse events (AEs) associated with surgery and anesthesia. In patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) without antiemetic prophylaxis, the incidence of PONV can be as high as 72%. OBJECTIVE The

The effects of alanine, glucose and starch ingestion on the ketosis produced by exercise and by starvation.

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1. Several investigators have found that the development of post-exercise ketosis is not counteracted by glucose ingestion. Post-exercise ketosis might therefore have more in common with diabetic ketoacidosis than with starvation ketosis. 2. The effects of ingesting 100 g of glucose, alanine or

Radiology case of the month. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea in a patient with hepatitis C and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Diffuse, severe gastric-wall thickening, consistent with edema.

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The patient is a 42-year-old male with a past medical history of HIV/AIDS (his most recent CD4 count, four months before admission, was 19) and hepatitis C who presented to the Emergency Department complaining of one week of persistent nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. His admit labs were as follows:

Stratified, randomized, double-blind comparison of intravenous ondansetron administered as a multiple-dose regimen versus two single-dose regimens in the prevention of cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting.

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OBJECTIVE This study compares the efficacy and safety of two single-dose regimens with the approved three-dose regimen of ondansetron in the prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis. METHODS This multicenter study was a stratified, randomized, double-blind, and parallel group design.

[Vomiting associated with weight stagnation and convulsions: urea cycle disorder should be suspected].

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In some inherited metabolic diseases, in particular in urea cycle disorders, which are usually diagnosed in neonatal period or in childhood, vomiting is often the first symptom. We report a case of late revelation of urea cycle disorder in a 13 years old female patient hospitalized for convulsions

Adverse effects of rifampicin in dogs and serum alanine aminotransferase monitoring recommendations based on a retrospective study of 344 dogs.

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BACKGROUND Rifampicin has been reported to have potent activity against Staphylococci, including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. There is limited documented information regarding adverse effects and recommendations for serum biochemistry monitoring. OBJECTIVE The aims of this

Grade I Reye's syndrome. A frequent cause of vomiting and liver dysfunction after varicella and upper-respiratory-tract infection.

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In a one-year prospective study we assessed the incidence of Reye's syndrome in children presenting with the acute onset of vomiting after a prodromal upper-respiratory-tract infection or varicella, and with serum alanine or aspartate aminotransferase levels at least three times higher than normal,

Mesenteric Panniculitis with Raised Alanine Transaminase Levels: A Rare Case Report from Pakistan.

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Mesenteric panniculitis (MP) is a rare condition that encompasses a spectrum of disease processes characterized by degeneration, inflammation, and scarring of the adipose tissue of the mesentery. The etiology of MP remains unknown; although various causes have been suggested and it has been seen to

Synthesis, Characterization and Biocompatibility of N-palmitoyl L-alanine-based Organogels as Sustained Implants of Granisetron and Evaluation of thier Antiemetic Effect.

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OBJECTIVE To assess the gelation power of N-palmitoyl L-alanine derivatives in injectable oils and to use the best chosen organogel as parenteral implant of granisetron for the treatment of emesis. METHODS Twelve N-palmitoyl L-alanine derived organogels were developed and evaluated in terms of

Nausea and vomiting after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: incidence and risk factor analysis.

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BACKGROUND Nausea and vomiting after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are common in clinical practice, but few studies have reported the incidence and risk factors of such events. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence and

Palonosetron plus dexamethasone versus granisetron plus dexamethasone for prevention of nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy: a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, comparative phase III trial.

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BACKGROUND Palonosetron is a second-generation 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT(3))-receptor antagonist that has shown better efficacy than ondansetron and dolasetron in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy, and similar

Activation of the cortical and medullary dopaminergic systems by nitrous oxide in rats: a possible neurochemical basis for psychotropic effects and postanesthetic nausea and vomiting.

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To provide a neurochemical basis for the central nervous system actions of nitrous oxide, the changes of brain dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), and metabolites of DA and 5-HT were studied in rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were assigned to one of five groups according to the type

A controlled trial of tacrine in Alzheimer's disease. The Tacrine Study Group.

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OBJECTIVE To compare efficacy and safety of tacrine hydrochloride with placebo in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. METHODS A 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. METHODS Outpatients at 23 centers. METHODS Men and women with probable Alzheimer's disease, at

Identifying risk factors for high-dose methotrexate-induced toxicities in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

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Whether monitoring of the methotrexate (MTX) concentrations after high-dose MTX (HD-MTX) infusion can predict toxicities is still controversial, especially when HD-MTX therapy is used in the treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which is different than the

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