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aminobutyrate/crise épileptique
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Microinjections of the gamma-aminobutyrate antagonist, bicuculline methiodide, into the caudate-putamen prevent amygdala-kindled seizures in rats.
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We used amygdala-kindled seizures in rats to study the function of striatal gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) in the regulation of the seizure threshold of the limbic forebrain. Microinjections of the GABAA antagonist, bicuculline methiodide, 1 pmol, into the caudate-putamen protected rats against
Preclinical profile of remacemide: a novel anticonvulsant effective against maximal electroshock seizures in mice.
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Anticonvulsant tests in mice revealed specific, potent actions of remacemide for protection of mice against maximal electroshock seizures (MES). Comparisons of oral efficacy to reference compounds yielded the following ED50 values (expressed as mg/kg): remacemide = 33, phenytoin = 11, phenobarbital
Effect of a noncompetitive antagonist (MK-801) of NMDA receptors on convulsions and brain amino acid level in E1 mice.
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Anticonvulsant action of MK-801, a novel noncompetitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, was examined in genetically epileptic E1 mice. Systemic injection of MK-801 (0.1-1.0 mg/kg) potently suppressed generalized tonic-clonic convulsions of in a dose-dependent manner (ED50, 0.17
The mode of action of homocysteine on mouse brain glutamic decarboxylase and gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransferase.
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In the belief that homocysteine-induced convulsions might be related to alterations in brain gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism, we have studied the action of this amino acid on the activity of glutamic decarboxylase (GAD, EC 4.1.1.15) and gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.19) of mouse
A correlation between changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism and seizures induced by antivitamin B6.
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The effects of DL-penicillamine (DL-PeA), hydrazine and toxopyrimidine (TXP, 2-methyl-6-amino-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine) on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism in mouse brain were studied. All these compounds inhibited the activity of glutamate decarboxylase [EC 4.1.1.15] (GAD) and slightly
A model of atypical absence seizures: EEG, pharmacology, and developmental characterization.
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OBJECTIVE
Atypical absence seizures differ markedly from typical absence seizures in EEG findings, ictal behavior, and neurodevelopmental outcome. The object of these experiments was to provide electrical, behavioral, pharmacologic, and developmental characterization of a putative animal model of
Platelet and brain GABA-transaminase and monoamine oxidase activities in patients with complex partial seizures.
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The activities of gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-T) and monoamine oxidase (MAO-A and -B) were measured in blood platelets from 27 patients and hippocampal tissues from eight (GABA-T) and ten (MAO) patients with complex partial seizures. The activity of platelet GABA-T was found to be
Hippocampal electrical activity and gamma-aminobutyrate metabolism in brain tissue following administration of homocysteine.
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The concentration of gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) and the activity of glutamate decarboxylase and GABA-transaminase were measured in extracts of mouse brain before the onset and during the course of generalized seizures induced by systemic administration of homocysteine thiolactone. The results
Paradoxical anticonvulsant activity of the gamma-aminobutyrate antagonist bicuculline methiodide in the rat striatum.
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Bicuculline methiodide (BMI), a gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) antagonist, is a powerful convulsant agent when injected into the cerebral ventricles, amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, neocortex, and deep prepiriform cortex in rats. In contrast, bilateral microinjection of BMI into the rat striatum
Anticonvulsant characteristics of pyridoxyl-gamma-aminobutyrate, PL-GABA.
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GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and its concentration in the brain in associated with a variety of neurological disorders, including seizures, convulsions, and epilepsy. The concentration of GABA is modulated by the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent
Abnormalities in the levels of extracellular and tissue amino acids in the brain of the seizure-susceptible rat.
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Basal and high potassium-stimulated release of endogenous amino acids was measured using brain dialysis in the hippocampus of urethane-anesthetized seizure-resistant (SR) and seizure-susceptible (SS) rats. Moreover, the tissue level of amino acids was determined in the hippocampus, sensorimotor
Synthesis of N4-(2,4-dimethylphenyl) semicarbazones as 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase inhibitors.
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Several 2,4-dimethylphenyl substituted semicarbazones were synthesized in three steps involving aryl urea and aryl semicarbazide formation. The structures were confirmed by spectral and elemental analyses. All the compounds were evaluated for anticonvulsant activity by using a series of test models,
4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-transaminase) deficiency.
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4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-transaminase, GABA-T, EC 2.6.1.19) deficiency (McKusick 137150), an inborn error of GABA degradation, has until now been documented in only a single Flemish child. Compared to the other defects of GABA degradation, succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH, EC
Seizures produced by pilocarpine: neuropathological sequelae and activity of glutamate decarboxylase in the rat forebrain.
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Morphological analysis of brains from rats receiving a convulsant dose of the muscarinic cholinergic agonist, pilocarpine hydrochloride (380 mg/kg), revealed a widespread damage to the forebrain as assessed by light microscopy 5-7 days after seizures. The substantia nigra, olfactory cortex,
2-Pyrrolidinone and Succinimide as Clinical Screening Biomarkers for GABA-Transaminase Deficiency: Anti-seizure Medications Impact Accurate Diagnosis.
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Broad-scale untargeted biochemical phenotyping is a technology that supplements widely accepted assays, such as organic acid, amino acid, and acylcarnitine analyses typically utilized for the diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism. In this study, we investigate the analyte changes associated with
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