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Fatal hepatic necrosis associated with multiple anticonvulsant therapy.

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We report six fatal cases of hepatic necrosis in children associated with multiple anticonvulsant therapy. There was insufficient evidence to incriminate any single drug or combination of drugs, but it is noteworthy that sodium valproate was involved in only one case. We consider that an

Sodium valproate, an anticonvulsant drug, stimulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication independently of glutathione levels.

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Since modulation of the glutathione (GSH) level has been implicated in the regulation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transcription and expression, we have undertaken an analysis of the effect of sodium valproate (VPA) on HIV-1 replication. VPA, which is an anti-epileptic drug in widespread

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: incidence, prevention and management.

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Although the anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome was first described in 1950, confusion still abounds regarding the syndrome. The triad of fever, rash and internal organ involvement occurring 1 to 8 weeks after exposure to an anticonvulsant heralds this rare (1 in 1,000 to 10,000 exposures) but

Only certain anticonvulsants protect against kainate neurotoxicity.

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Kainic acid (KA), a heterocyclic structural analog of the putative excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate (Glu), powerfully mimics many of the neuroexcitatory and neurotoxic properties of Glu. KA differs from Glu and its straight chain "excitotoxic" analogs, however, in inducing a limbic

Evaluation of Lymphocyte Transformation Test Results in Patients with Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions following the Use of Anticonvulsant Drugs.

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OBJECTIVE Administration of the anticonvulsant drugs phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine and lamotrigine can be associated with severe hypersensitivity reactions. The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) is a method to determine which drug has caused the hypersensitivity reaction. This study was

Preclinical anticonvulsant and neuroprotective profile of 8319, a non-competitive NMDA antagonist.

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8319, ((+-)-2-Amino-N-ethyl-alpha-(3-methyl-2-thienyl)benzeneethanamine 2HCl), is a novel compound with the profile of a non-competitive NMDA antagonist. The compound displaced [3H] TCP with high affinity (IC50 = 43 nM), but was inactive at the NMDA, benzodiazepine and GABA sites; in vivo, 8319

Acute disseminated epidermal necrosis types 1, 2, and 3: study of sixty cases.

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Sixty patients with acute disseminated epidermal necrosis (ADEN) were hospitalized and carefully studied. They included thirty-nine patients with drug-associated Stevens-Johnson syndrome, five patients with drug-associated Lyell's syndrome, and sixteen patients with transitional ADEN. On the basis

Causes of CNS inflammation and potential targets for anticonvulsants.

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Inflammation is one of the most important endogenous defence mechanisms in an organism. It has been suggested that inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of a number of human epilepsies and convulsive disorders, and there is clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that

Anticonvulsant and ameliorative effects of pioglitazone on cognitive deficits, inflammation and apoptosis in the hippocampus of rat pups exposed to febrile seizure.

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Pioglitazone (PGZ), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonist, has significant neuroprotective effects and has been reported to regulate inflammatory processes.We evaluated the effects of PGZ on febrile seizure (FS) in rat pups.

Coma blisters in 2 children on anticonvulsant medication.

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Blister formation and eccrine sweat gland necrosis have been recognized to occur in states of impaired consciousness and were first reported following barbiturate intoxication. Their etiology is complex and cannot simply be explained by pressure effects. Now that barbiturates are less frequently

Anti-convulsant effects of cultures bear bile powder in febrile seizure via regulation of neurotransmission and inhibition of neuroinflammation

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Ethnopharmacological relevance: Natural bear bile powder (NBBP) has been used to treat seizures for thousands of years, but its application is greatly restricted due to ethical reasons. Cultured bear bile powder (CBBP), which is produced by biotransformation, may

Valproate-induced liver injury: modulation by the omega-3 fatty acid DHA proposes a novel anticonvulsant regimen.

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BACKGROUND The polyunsaturated, ω-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), claims diverse cytoprotective potentials, although via largely undefined triggers. Thus, we currently first tested the ability of DHA to ameliorate valproate (VPA)-evoked hepatotoxicity, to modulate its anticonvulsant

Anticonvulsant effects of gamma surgery in a model of chronic spontaneous limbic epilepsy in rats.

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OBJECTIVE The management of intractable epilepsy remains a challenge, despite advances in its surgical and nonsurgical treatment. The identification of low-risk, low-cost therapeutic strategies that lead to improved outcome is therefore an important ongoing goal of basic and clinical research.

Anticonvulsant Effect of Swertiamarin Against Pilocarpine-Induced Seizures in Adult Male Mice.

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Epilepsy is one of the common and major neurological disorders, approximately a third of the individuals with epilepsy suffer from seizures and not able to successfully respond to available medications. Current study was designed to investigate whether Swertiamarin (Swe) had anticonvulsant activity

Hepatic necrosis associated with drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome.

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Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS; also known as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms [DRESS]) is a life-threatening condition first described by Chaiken et al. in 1950. It is characterized by extensive mucocutaneous rash; fever; lymphadenopathy; hepatitis; hematological

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