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aortic valve stenosis/− nicotine
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Coronary chemoreflex evoked by intrapericardial nicotine has a somatic component.
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Stimulation of vagally innervated cardiac or pulmonary receptors reflexly evokes depressor responses called the coronary chemoreflex and pulmonary depressor reflex, respectively. The efferent arm of the pulmonary depressor reflex contains a somatic component wherein monosynaptic and polysynaptic
Giant Left Ventricular Thrombus Formation in the Setting of Severe Aortic Stenosis and Heavy Cigarette Smoking
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The harmful effects of cigarette smoking on the human body have been well documented. However, whether tobacco use is an independent risk factor of valvular heart disease remains debatable. Cigarette smoking has been associated with an inflammatory state and increased levels of tumor necrosis factor
Aortic Stenosis in African Americans: Focus On Disparities in Treatment and Outcomes.
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Aortic stenosis (AS) is the third most common type of cardiovascular disease after hypertension and coronary artery disease, and it carries a high mortality rate when left untreated. Risk factors include male sex, hypertension, tobacco use, advanced age, elevated LDL cholesterol, and coronary
Cardiovascular risk factors as predictors of early and late survival after bioprosthetic valve replacement for aortic stenosis.
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OBJECTIVE
Cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with aortic valve stenosis, which is considered as an atherosclerosis-like process. The study aim was to assess the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on early and late outcome after valve replacement with a bioprosthesis for aortic
Vascular endothelial growth factor-secreting mast cells and myofibroblasts: a novel self-perpetuating angiogenic pathway in aortic valve stenosis.
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OBJECTIVE
To examine the proangiogenic potential of myofibroblasts and mast cells, 2 types of cells present in human aortic valves.
RESULTS
Aortic valve stenosis is an active atheroinflammatory disease, characterized by the accumulation of inflammatory cells and the neovascularization of the valves.
Development and progression of aortic valve stenosis: atherosclerosis risk factors--a causal relationship? A clinical morphologic study.
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Hospital records of 120 patients undergoing aortic valve replacement were retrospectively reviewed for risk factors associated with early aortic valve replacement. Patients were separated into four groups (rheumatic, congenital bicuspid, degenerative, and miscellaneous) based upon the morphologic
Molecular basis of calpain cleavage and inactivation of the sodium-calcium exchanger 1 in heart failure.
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Cardiac sodium (Na(+))-calcium (Ca(2+)) exchanger 1 (NCX1) is central to the maintenance of normal Ca(2+) homeostasis and contraction. Studies indicate that the Ca(2+)-activated protease calpain cleaves NCX1. We hypothesized that calpain is an important regulator of NCX1 in response to pressure
Centenarians and their hearts: A prospective registry with comprehensive geriatric assessment, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and follow-up.
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BACKGROUND
Data on the cardiac characteristics of centenarians are scarce. Our aim was to describe electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography in a cohort of centenarians and to correlate them with clinical data.
METHODS
We used prospective multicenter registry of 118 centenarians (28 men) with a
Surgical treatment of concomitant severe heart disease and lung cancer.
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The concomitant presentation of lung cancer and severe heart disease requiring intervention is a scenario that many clinicians have to face. Its common physiopathological substratum is unknown and it is believed that tobacco plays a role. From a surgical point of view, these patients pose various
Bicuspid aortic valve: inter-racial difference in frequency and aortic dimensions.
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OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to examine the similarities and differences in Caucasian (C) and African-American (AA) patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with respect to morphology, severity of aortic stenosis/insufficiency, and aortic dilation.
BACKGROUND
BAV is a common congenital
Preconception Counseling for Women With Cardiac Disease.
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UNASSIGNED
All providers who care for reproductive-aged women with cardiac disease should assess these patients' desires and plans for pregnancy at every encounter. For those considering pregnancy, preconception counseling, often performed by a maternal-fetal medicine specialist, can help patients
Prevalence of mitral valve prolapse and congenital bicuspid aortic valves in black and white patients undergoing cardiac valve operations.
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The risk factors for aortic and mitral valve diseases that require surgical repair such as congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and mitral valve prolapse include acquired clinical factors and genetic influences. Whether race affects the prevalence of certain valvular diseases has not been
[Implications of some risk factors in degenerative valvular heart diseases].
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A retrospective study on 223 patients diagnosed with degenerative heart valvular lesions: 124 women with an average of 74.9 years old and 99 men with an average of 70.1 years old with the lower limit under 50 years old (one woman and one man) and upper limit over 80 years old (22 women and 11 men)
Possible role for mast cell-derived cathepsin G in the adverse remodelling of stenotic aortic valves.
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OBJECTIVE
Aortic stenosis (AS) is characterized by extensive remodelling of the valves, including infiltration of inflammatory cells, extracellular matrix degradation, and fibrosis. The molecular mechanisms behind this adverse remodelling have remained obscure. In this article, we study whether
Pathophysiology of valvular heart disease.
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Valvular heart disease (VHD) is caused by either damage or defect in one of the four heart valves, aortic, mitral, tricuspid or pulmonary. Defects in these valves can be congenital or acquired. Age, gender, tobacco use, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and type II diabetes contribute to the risk
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