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A CRISPR/Cas9 Generated Bovine CD46-knockout Cell Line-A Tool to Elucidate the Adaptability of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Viruses (BVDV)
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Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) entry into a host cell is mediated by the interaction of the viral glycoprotein E2 with the cellular transmembrane CD46 receptor. In this study, we generated a stable Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) CD46-knockout cell line to study the ability of different
Functional analysis of a missense mutation in the serine protease inhibitor SPINT2 associated with congenital sodium diarrhea.
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Membrane-bound serine proteases play important roles in different biological processes. Their regulation by endogenous inhibitors is poorly understood. A Y163C mutation in the SPINT2 gene encoding the serine protease inhibitor Hepatocyte Growth Factor Inhibitor HAI-2 is associated with a congenital
Patterns of cellular gene expression in cells infected with cytopathic or non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus.
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Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in cattle is responsible for mucosal disease; an invariably fatal syndrome characterized by the recovery of two BVDV strains: cytopathic (cp) or noncytopathic (ncp). To understand the cellular responses to cp BVDV infection, we carried out differential
Localization of eimeripain, an Eimeria tenella cathepsin B-like cysteine protease, during asexual and sexual intracellular development in chicken ceca.
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Hemorrhagic diarrhea in poultry is caused by Eimeria tenella, the most pathogenic avian coccidian parasite, and new approaches to treat the disease are continually being sought. Although eimeripain, a cathepsin B-like cysteine protease from E. tenella, has recently been identified as a novel
Cysteine protease 30 (CP30) contributes to adhesion and cytopathogenicity in feline Tritrichomonas foetus.
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Tritrichomonas foetus (T. foetus) is a flagellated protozoan parasite that is recognized as a significant cause of diarrhea in domestic cats with a prevalence rate as high as 30%. No drugs have been shown to consistently eliminate T. foetus infection in all cats. Cysteine proteases (CPs) have been
Entamoeba histolytica Cyclooxygenase-Like Protein Regulates Cysteine Protease Expression and Virulence.
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The intestinal protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica (Eh) causes amebiasis associated with severe diarrhea and/or liver abscess. Eh pathogenesis is multifactorial requiring both parasite virulent molecules and host-induced innate immune responses. Eh-induced host
Genetic analysis of indian bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 isolates in N(pro) and entire gene region coding structural proteins.
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Three Indian Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) isolates were analyzed at genetic level in N(pro) (viral autoprotease) and entire gene region coding structural proteins, namely capsid (C) protein, E(rns), and envelope proteins E1 and E2. All these isolates were found to be of b subtype based on
A chimeric protein comprising the glucosyltransferase and cysteine proteinase domains of toxin B and the receptor binding domain of toxin A induces protective immunity against Clostridium difficile infection in mice and hamsters.
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Clostridium difficile is the major cause of hospital-acquired infectious diarrhea and colitis in developed countries. The pathogenicity of C. difficile is mainly mediated by the release of 2 large potent exotoxins, toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB), both of which require neutralization to prevent
[Effect of estrogen on expression of cysteine-rich secretory protein CRISPLD2 in myocardium of mice with sepsis].
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OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of estrogen on expression of the cysteine-rich secretory protein containing LCCL domain 2 (CRISPLD2) in myocardium of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice model of sepsis.
METHODS
Totally 12 female and 12 male Balb/c mice of specific pathogen-free (SPF) level
bta-miR-29b attenuates apoptosis by directly targeting caspase-7 and NAIF1 and suppresses bovine viral diarrhea virus replication in MDBK cells.
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, noncoding RNA molecules that serve as powerful regulators of multiple cellular processes, including apoptosis, differentiation, growth, and proliferation. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) contributes significantly to health-related economic losses in the
Insulin-like growth factors stimulate growth and L-cysteine uptake by the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia.
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Giardia lamblia, a parasitic protozoan responsible for diarrhea and malabsorption in humans, grows axenically only in media that contain serum and a high concentration of L-cysteine. During our attempts to grow Giardia in the absence of serum, we found that: (a) human insulin-like growth factors
Diquat increases cysteine proteinase inhibitors greatly in rat plasma and tissues.
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Biochemical and gross pathological effects of diquat were studied with special attention to cysteine proteinase inhibitor level which was often increased in acute and chronic disorder. Diquat was fed continuously to rats at the dose of 1000 ppm in the diet. After 10 days, anorexia and severe
Pleiotropic Clostridioides difficile Cyclophilin PpiB Controls Cysteine-Tolerance, Toxin Production, the Central Metabolism and Multiple Stress Responses.
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The Gram-positive pathogen Clostridioides difficile is the main bacterial agent of nosocomial antibiotic associated diarrhea. Bacterial peptidyl-prolyl-cis/trans-isomerases (PPIases) are well established modulators of virulence that influence the outcome of human pathologies during
Protease inhibitors prevent the development of human rotavirus-induced diarrhea in suckling mice.
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Oral inoculation of human rotavirus MO strain (serotype 3) into 5-day-old BALB/c mice caused gastroenteritis characterized by diarrhea (90% on the average, on day 2). Using this animal model, preventive effect of antiviral agents on the development of rotavirus-induced diarrhea was examined. The
The NS5A protein of bovine viral diarrhea virus contains an essential zinc-binding site similar to that of the hepatitis C virus NS5A protein.
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The recent demonstration that the NS5A protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV) contains an unconventional zinc-binding site with the format Cx(17)CxCx(20)C and the presence of a similar sequence element in the NS5A proteins of members of the Pestivirus genus has led to the hypothesis that the NS5A
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