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Induction of Glutamine Synthetase Activity in Nonnodulated Roots of Glycine max, Phaseolus vulgaris, and Pisum sativum.
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Nitrate or ammonium fertilization significantly increased glutamine synthetase (GS) activity in nonnodulated roots of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), soybean (Glycine max), and pea (Pisum sativum). Western analysis revealed substantial GS antibody-positive protein in root extracts that had minimal
Relation between Glutamine Synthetase and Nitrogenase Activities in the Symbiotic Association between Rhizobium japonicum and Glycine max.
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The activity and extent of adenylylation of glutamine synthetase was examined in both free-living and bacteroid forms of Rhizobium japonicum in the presence of excess ammonia. Ammonia caused an apparent repression of glutamine synthetase in free-living R. japonicum and adenylylation of the enzyme
Glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase and glutamate dehydrogenase in Rhizobium japonicum strains grown in cultures and in bacteroids from root nodules of Glycine max.
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The growth yields of three strains of Rhizobium japonicum (CB 1809, CC 723, CC 705) in culture solutions containing L-glutamate were about twice those grown with ammonium. The activities of glutamine synthetase (GS; EC 6.3.1.2) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH; EC 1.4.1.4) were dependent on the
Isolation of an auxotrophic cell line of soybean (Glycine max) which requires asparagine or glutamine for growth.
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A suspension culture of haploid soybean cells was treated with ultra-violet light. From the mutagenized culture an auxotrophic cell line was isolated which grows on 1-B5 media supplemented with asparagine or glutamine. In the absence of these additives the cells cease to grow and die. Asparagine is
Control of de novo purine biosynthesis genes in ureide-producing legumes: induction of glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase gene and characterization of its cDNA from soybean and Vigna.
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Soybean (Glycine max) and mothbean (Vigna aconitifolia) cDNA clones encoding glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase (PRAT), the first enzyme of the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway, have been isolated from nodule cDNA libraries. The amino acid sequence deduced from soybean clone
Low Temperature Effects on Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Wells) Free Amino Acid Pools during Germination.
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The free amino acid concentrations in cotyledons and axes of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Wells) seedlings were determined by automated single column analysis after germination at 10 and 23 C. After 5 days germination at 10 C, glutamate and aspartate were in high concentration in both
Forcing expression of a soybean root glutamine synthetase gene in tobacco leaves induces a native gene encoding cytosolic enzyme.
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Glutamine synthetase (GS; EC 6.3.1.2) is present in different subcellular compartments in plants. It is located in the cytoplasm in root and root nodules while generally present in the chloroplasts in leaves. The expression of GS gene(s) is enhanced in root nodules and in soybean roots treated with
Plantlet regeneration from immature cotyledon protoplasts of soybean (Glycine max L.).
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Protoplasts were isolated from immature cotyledons of Glycine max L. Merr. cv. Clark 63 and cultured in liquid or in agarose-gelled modified KP8 medium. Plating efficiencies of 45-50% were obtained in liquid medium and 55-60% in 1.2% (w/v) agarose beads. Upon regular dilution with K8 medium rapidly
The 3' untranslated region of a soybean cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) affects transcript stability and protein accumulation in transgenic alfalfa.
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Higher plants assimilate nitrogen in the form of ammonia through the concerted activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT). The GS enzyme is either located in the cytoplasm (GS1) or in the chloroplast (GS2). Glutamine synthetase 1 is regulated in different plants at the
N- and [C]NMR determination of utilization of glycine for synthesis of storage protein in the presence of glutamine in developing cotyledons of soybean.
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Solid-state (15)N- and [(13)C] NMR have been used to measure quantitatively the utilization of glycine in the presence of glutamine for the synthesis of storage protein in immature cotyledons of soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Elf) in culture. The presence of an equal molar amount of glycine in the
De Novo Purine Synthesis in Nitrogen-Fixing Nodules of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) and Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.).
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Partially purified, cell-free extracts from nodules of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. cv. Caloona) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv. Bragg) showed high rates of de novo purine nucleotide and purine base synthesis. Activity increased with rates of nitrogen fixation and ureide export during
[N]NMR determination of asparagine and glutamine nitrogen utilization for synthesis of storage protein in developing cotyledons of soybean in culture.
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Solid-state [(15)N]NMR was used to measure the use of the amide and amino nitrogens of glutamine and asparagine for synthesis of storage protein in cotyledons of soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Elf) in culture. No major discrimination in the incorporation of the amide or amino nitrogens of glutamine
Hairy roots of Brassica napus: II. Glutamine synthetase overexpression alters ammonia assimilation and the response to phosphinothricin.
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Hairy roots of Brassica napus (rape cv. Giant) have been produced that contain the cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS) gene from Glycine max (soybean). Leaf explants were cocultivated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4T harbouring the binary vector pLN16. This vector was constructed by
Phloem Glutamine and the Regulation of O2 Diffusion in Legume Nodules.
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The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the N content or the composition of the phloem sap that supplies nodulated roots may play a role in the feedback regulation of nitrogenase activity by increasing nodule resistance to O2 diffusion. Treating shoots of lupin (Lupinus albus cv
Does lowering glutamine synthetase activity in nodules modify nitrogen metabolism and growth of Lotus japonicus?
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A cDNA encoding cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS) from Lotus japonicus was fused in the antisense orientation relative to the nodule-specific LBC3 promoter of soybean (Glycine max) and introduced into L. japonicus via transformation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Among the 12 independent
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