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Two flavone C-glycosides from the style of Zea mays with glycation inhibitory activity.
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A new flavone C-glycoside, chrysoeriol 6-C-beta-boivinopyranosyl-7-O-beta-glucopyranoside (1), and a known flavone C-glycoside (2) were isolated from the style of Zea mays. Each compound contains the rare sugar boivinose. These flavones exhibited glycation inhibitory activity similar to that of
A new flavone C-glycoside from the style of Zea mays L. with glycation inhibitory activity.
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A new flavone C-glycoside, chrysoeriol 6-C-beta-fucopyranoside (1), and a known flavone C-glycoside (2) were isolated from the style of Zea mays L. These structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 exhibited glycation inhibitory activity.
Global and grain-specific accumulation of glycoside hydrolase family 10 xylanases in transgenic maize (Zea mays).
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In planta expression of cell wall degrading enzymes is a promising approach for developing optimized biomass feedstocks that enable low-cost cellulosic biofuels production. Transgenic plants could serve as either an enzyme source for the hydrolysis of pretreated biomass or as the primary biomass
Crystallographic structure of ChitA, a glycoside hydrolase family 19, plant class IV chitinase from Zea mays.
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Maize ChitA chitinase is composed of a small, hevein-like domain attached to a carboxy-terminal chitinase domain. During fungal ear rot, the hevein-like domain is cleaved by secreted fungal proteases to produce truncated forms of ChitA. Here, we report a structural and biochemical characterization
Concentration and Metabolic Turnover of Indoles in Germinating Kernels of Zea mays L.
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The amounts and rates of metabolic turnover of the indolylic compounds in germinating kernels of sweet corn were determined. Knowledge of pool size and rate of pool turnover has permitted: (a) identification of indole-3-acetyl-myo-inositol as the major chemical form for transport of indole-3-acetic
Computational analysis of glycoside hydrolase family 1 specificities.
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Glycoside hydrolase family 1 consists of beta-glucosidases, beta-galactosidases, 6-phospho-beta-galactosidases, myrosinases, and other enzymes having similar primary and tertiary structures but diverse specificities. Among these enzymes, beta-glucosidases hydrolyze cellobiose to glucose, and
Sterol composition of Bulgarian soya and corn oils.
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The free sterols, the sterol esters and the sterol glycosides of the raw soya and corn oils as well as those of the technical lecithin and the deodorizer distillated of the latter oils were isolated by preparative TLC. The composition of each of the isolated sterol derivatives was determined by GLC
Sterol Accumulation and Composition in Developing Zea mays L. Kernels.
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Kernels were collected from three maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds from 10 days after pollination until kernel maturity. Sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol were the major sterols at all stages of kernel development. Cholesterol was less than 1% of the dry weight. The three major sterols
Polyprenyl phosphate sugars synthesized during slime-polysaccharide production by membranes of the root-cap cells of maize (Zea mays).
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Two types of experiments were carried out; either maize roots were incubated in L-[1-3H]fucose or membranes were prepared from root tips and these were incubated with GDP-L-[U-14C]fucose or UDP-D-[U-4C]glucose. The radioactively labelled lipids that were synthesized in vivo and in vitro were
Glycoside carbamates from benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one detoxification in extracts and exudates of corn roots.
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Zea mays was incubated with the natural phytotoxin benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one (BOA) to investigate the detoxification process. A hitherto unknown detoxification product, 1-(2-hydroxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-beta-gentiobioside 1,2-carbamate (3), was isolated and identified. A reinvestigation of known BOA
Anti-obesity action of Salix matsudana leaves (Part 1). Anti-obesity action by polyphenols of Salix matsudana in high fat-diet treated rodent animals.
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In preliminary experiments, polyphenol fractions prepared from the leaves of Salix matsudana reduced the elevation of the rat plasma triacylglycerol level at 3 and 4 h after oral administration of a lipid emulsion containing corn oil, at a dose of 570 mg/kg. The present study examined the
Postnatal expression and induction by pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile of the organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2 in rat liver.
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Newborn rats are more sensitive to the toxic effects of cardiac glycosides than are adult rats. This is associated with a decreased ability to remove cardiac glycosides from blood into the liver. Pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile (PCN), a prototypical rodent CYP3A inducer and pregnane-X-receptor
Metabolic engineering of geranic acid in maize to achieve fungal resistance is compromised by novel glycosylation patterns.
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Many terpenoids are known to have antifungal properties and overexpression of these compounds in crops is a potential tool in disease control. In this study, 15 different mono- and sesquiterpenoids were tested in vitro against two major pathogenic fungi of maize (Zea mays), Colletotrichum
Substrate (aglycone) specificity of human cytosolic beta-glucosidase.
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Human cytosolic beta-glucosidase (hCBG) is a xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme that hydrolyses certain flavonoid glucosides, with specificity depending on the aglycone moiety, the type of sugar and the linkage between them. Based upon the X-ray structure of Zea mays beta-glucosidase, we generated a
Gtgen3A, a novel plant GH3 β-glucosidase, modulates gentio-oligosaccharide metabolism in Gentiana.
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Gentiobiose, a β-1,6-linked glycosyl-disaccharide, accumulates abundantly in Gentianaceae and is involved in aspects of plant development, such as fruits ripening and release of bud dormancy. However, the mechanisms regulating the amount of gentio-oligosaccharide accumulation in plants remain
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