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macular degeneration/− nicotine
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The effect of nicotine on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in a mouse model of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
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OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect of nicotine on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
METHODS
One group of mice received nicotine in drinking water and the other group received water only.
Altered retinoid homeostasis catalyzed by a nicotine metabolite: implications in macular degeneration and normal development.
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Retinoids (vitamin A) serve two distinct functions in higher animals: light absorption for vision and gene regulation for growth and development. Cigarette smoking is a contributing factor for diseases that affect vision such as age-related macular degeneration and increases the risk of birth
The association of smokeless tobacco use and pack-years of smokeless tobacco with age-related macular degeneration in Indian population.
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OBJECTIVE
To explore the association of use versus no use and the influence of pack-year use of smokeless tobacco with that of early and late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in rural and urban south Indian population. We hypothesized that the use and pack-years of use would be significantly
Tobacco-alcohol amblyopia: a maculopathy?
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The synergistic effect of exposure to alcohol, tobacco smoke and other risk factors for age-related macular degeneration.
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Positive impact of Australian 'blindness' tobacco warning labels: findings from the ITC four country survey.
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BACKGROUND
Smokers with greater knowledge of the health effects of smoking are more likely to quit and remain abstinent. Australia has communicated the causal association of smoking and blindness since the late 1990s. In March 2007, Australia became the first country to include a pictorial warning
Educating smokers about the risk of blindness - insights to improve tobacco product health warning labels.
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BACKGROUND
Health warning labels (HWL) on tobacco products help educate smokers about the health effects from smoking; however, there is a need to improve HWL content including images and text to increase effectiveness. In Canada, a HWL was created that communicates smoking's causal association with
[The development of research on the effect of tobacco consumption on the visual organ over the last 200 years].
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The purpose of the paper is to assess the development of research in the area of tobacco-related ocular diseases during the last 200 years. Although the first papers about the toxic effect of tobacco on the eye appeared in the beginnings of the XVIIth century, the real interest in this issue arose
Influence of nicotine and cotinine on retinal phospholipase A2 and its significance to macular function.
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The macula is a constituent of the sensory retina that is necessary for sharp contrast and color vision. A significant relationship has been found between tobacco smoking and age-related macular degeneration. Opsin, rhodopsin and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) are located in excitable membranes of retina
[Present knowledge on the effects of smoking tobacco on the eye diseases].
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It is accepted that tobacco smoking impairs different functions of the organ of vision and can be the cause of different eye diseases. It is well-known that tobacco smoke contains more than 4,000 substances, some of them exerting toxic influence on the eye by producing the ischemia or/and oxidative
Mecamylamine suppresses Basal and nicotine-stimulated choroidal neovascularization.
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OBJECTIVE
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are best known for their role in neurotransmission, but they have recently been demonstrated on vascular endothelial cells. Acetylcholine is their endogenous ligand, but they are also stimulated by nicotine. By stimulating nAChR, nicotine promotes
Patient tobacco use in optometric practice: a Canada-wide study.
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OBJECTIVE
A national census survey of optometrists in Canada measured knowledge of ocular diseases associated with smoking cigarettes and current practice behaviors related to addressing tobacco use with patients, including prevention and cessation. Optometrists were also asked to identify tools to
Differential effects of nicotine on retinal and vascular cells in vitro.
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The purpose of the current study is to understand the effects of nicotine in human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19), human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) and rat neurosensory retinal (R28) cells. ARPE-19, HMVEC and R28 cell cultures were treated with 10(-2) and 10(-4)M nicotine for 24h.
New Insights Into Tobacco-Induced Vascular Disease: Clinical Ramifications.
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Tobacco smoke contains more than 4,000 compounds. These include phenols, carbonyls, and nitrosamines that may be irritants and carcinogens; particulate matter such as tars; volatiles and gases such as carbon monoxide; and nicotine. Many of these compounds may contribute to the adverse health effects
Generating Quitline calls during Australia's National Tobacco Campaign: effects of television advertisement execution and programme placement.
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OBJECTIVE
The study sought to measure the relative efficiency of different television advertisements and types of television programmes in which advertisements were placed, in generating calls to Australia's national Quitline.
METHODS
The study entailed an analysis of the number of calls generated
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