narcolepsy/− nicotine

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Narcolepsy with cataplexy masked by the use of nicotine.

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This report describes a case of narcolepsy with cataplexy masked by the chronic use of cigarettes and nicotine patches. It has been described that narcoleptic smokers report relief of symptoms by smoking tobacco cigarettes. In addition, a case describing partial treatment of sleepiness using a

Smoking, Alcohol, Drug Use, Abuse and Dependence in Narcolepsy and Idiopathic Hypersomnia: A Case-Control Study.

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OBJECTIVE Basic experiments support the impact of hypocretin on hyperarousal and motivated state required for increasing drug craving. Our aim was to assess the frequencies of smoking, alcohol and drug use, abuse and dependence in narcolepsy type 1 (NT1, hypocretin-deficient), narcolepsy type 2

Tobacco use by narcoleptics and daytime sleep tendency.

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The nocturnal sleep and daytime sleep tendency were assessed in 10 narcoleptics who regularly smoked cigarettes and 10 narcoleptics who did not use tobacco. Standard sleep-wake polygraphic measures were recorded during the 24-h study. There were no statistical differences between groups in terms of

Smoking Prevalence and Its Clinical Correlations in Patients with Narcolepsy-cataplexy.

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Narcolepsy-cataplexy (NC) is a chronic neurological disease with suggested autoimmune etiopathogenesis. Nicotine stimulates central nervous system and smoking increases the risk of autoimmune diseases. Assessment of smoking habits and its correlation to clinical parameters among 87 adult NC patients

Assessment of pregnancy outcomes in Czech and Slovak women with narcolepsy.

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BACKGROUND Narcolepsy is associated with altered metabolic functions. We sought to investigate the effect of narcolepsy on pregnancy and newborns. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of patients in whom the first symptoms of narcolepsy appeared before or after pregnancy. Our study included 54

Sleep latency on the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) for 530 patients with narcolepsy while free of psychoactive drugs.

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OBJECTIVE To compare maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) data gathered at baseline in the course of two, multicenter studies on the therapeutic efficacy of modafinil with published MWT norms. METHODS The MWT is a procedure that uses electrophysiological measures to determine the ability to remain

Olfactory dysfunction in narcolepsy with cataplexy.

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BACKGROUND Narcolepsy-cataplexy (NC) is caused by the loss of hypocretin neurons. Several lines of evidence suggest a role for hypocretin in olfactory function. Recent data have documented that NC is associated with olfactory dysfunction but smell testing has been performed only in small

A novel approach to treating morning sleep inertia in narcolepsy.

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We describe an adolescent with narcolepsy who presented with inability to awaken from sleep to attend early morning classes at school. After he did not respond to traditional therapies, a nicotine patch was prescribed with success. We present our experience with this unconventional treatment, which

Clinical and practical considerations in the pharmacologic management of narcolepsy.

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Despite published treatment recommendations and the availability of approved and off-label pharmacologic therapies for narcolepsy, the clinical management of this incurable, chronic neurologic disorder remains challenging. While treatment is generally symptomatically driven, decisions regarding

Hypocretin mechanisms in nicotine addiction: evidence and speculation.

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BACKGROUND The hypocretin/orexin system has been implicated in arousal mechanisms, sleep, and sleep disorders, including narcolepsy, and more recently in drug addiction. Theoretically, hypocretin (hcrt) mechanisms appear to be potential substrates for nicotine addiction: arousal and attentional

Cholinergic regulation of cataplexy in canine narcolepsy in the pontine reticular formation is mediated by M2 muscarinic receptors.

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Both rapid eye movement sleep and cataplexy in the narcoleptic canine have been shown to increase after both systemic and local administration of cholinergic agonists in the pontine reticular formation. Furthermore, binding studies indicate an increase in the number of M2 muscarinic receptors in the

Orexin 1 receptor antagonists in compulsive behavior and anxiety: possible therapeutic use.

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Fifteen years after the discovery of hypocretin/orexin a large body of evidence has been collected supporting its critical role in the modulation of several regulatory physiological functions. While reduced levels of hypocretin/orexin were initially associated with narcolepsy, increased levels have

High resolution mapping of modafinil induced changes in glutamate level in rat brain.

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Modafinil is marketed in the United States for the treatment of narcolepsy and daytime somnolence due to shift-work or sleep apnea. Investigations of this drug in the treatment of cocaine and nicotine dependence in addition to disorders of executive function are also underway. Modafinil has been

Sleep-related eating disorders: polysomnographic correlates of a heterogeneous syndrome distinct from daytime eating disorders.

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Over a 5-yr period, 19 adults presented to our sleep disorders center with histories of involuntary, nocturnal, sleep-related eating that usually occurred with other problematic nocturnal behaviors. Mean age (+/- SD) at presentation was 37.4 (+/- 9.1) yr (range 18-54); 73.7% of the patients (n = 14)

Modafinil improves attention, inhibitory control, and reaction time in healthy, middle-aged rats.

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This study examined the effect of the novel psychostimulant modafinil (Provigil) on a variety of cognitive and behavioral measures including associative learning, sustained attention, inhibitory control, and reaction time. Middle-aged female rats (18-20 months old) were administered oral doses of

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