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OBJECTIVE
To discuss the virtues and shortcomings of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
RESULTS
The injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists exenatide significantly improves glycaemic control, with
OBJECTIVE
During recent years, two strategies of incretin-based therapy [glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonism and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibition] have entered the market for pharmacological management of type 2 diabetes. A main indication for this therapy is as add-on to
OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors compared with metformin as monotherapy, or with other commonly used hypoglycaemic drugs combined with metformin, in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
METHODS
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised
Known treatments of type 2 diabetes mellitus have limitations such as weight gain, and hypoglycaemias. A new perspective is the use of incretin hormones and incretin enhancers. Incretins are defined as being responsible for the higher insulin release after an oral glucose load compared to an
Incretin-based therapies, which include the GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors, use the antidiabetic properties of potentiating the GLP-1 receptor signalling via the regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion, inhibition of gastric emptying and suppression of appetite. Most physicians
BACKGROUND
Exenatide is an incretin mimetic, while sitagliptin and vildagliptin are incretin enhancers used as adjunctive therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes failing oral agents. Sitagliptin and vildagliptin can also be used as monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled by
OBJECTIVE
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) stimulate the incretin system and lower glycaemic parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This analysis of clinical studies of up to 3years evaluated the safety of albiglutide, a GLP-1 RA, in people with T2DM.
METHODS
Integrated
BACKGROUND
Long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (LA-GLP-1RAs) may deliver additional therapeutic benefits over other available incretin-based therapies.
OBJECTIVE
To pool results of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of maximum dose LA-GLP-1RAs
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are inherited lysosomal storage diseases characterized by progressive neuropathy and the accumulation of autofluorescent cytoplasmic granules. Clinical signs of a new canine NCL began in a 9-month-old male Dachshund with vomiting, mental dullness, and loss
Studies designed to evaluate the short-term effects of incretin-related drugs in subjects with cardiac disease are still preliminary. In patients with heart failure, two of five studies showed that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) infusion was associated with an absolute increase in left ventricular
BACKGROUND
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide are incretins secreted from enteroendocrine cells postprandially in part to regulate glucose homeostasis. Dysregulation of these hormones is evident in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Two new drugs,
OBJECTIVE
The efficacy and safety of sitagliptin, a highly selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, when added to metformin monotherapy was examined in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
In this 52-week, add-on to metformin study, 149 patients were randomly assigned to receive
Dyspeptic syndrome is a common complication of treatment with antidiabetic drugs. This may be a trivial as well as a very serious complication. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and taste disturbances are the most common symptoms of dyspeptic problems in patients treated
BACKGROUND
The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors sitagliptin, saxagliptin, and linagliptin are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in the treatment of type-2 diabetes. Given the limited published information regarding human overdoses to these medications, our goal was to
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is synthesized from proglucagon in enteroendocrine cells and regulates glucose homeostasis via multiple complementary actions on appetite, gastrointestinal motility and islet hormone secretion. GLP-1 is secreted from the distal gut in response to food ingestion, and