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A procedure to extract functional isolated mitochondria from small-sized human atrial samples. Application to obesity with a partial characterisation of the organelles.
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Evaluating the activity of cardiac mitochondria is probably the best way to estimate early cellular damage in chronic pathology. Early diagnosis allows rapid therapeutic intervention thus increasing patient survival rate in a number of diseases. However, data on human cardiac mitochondria are scarce
Rotenone induces reductive stress and triacylglycerol deposition in C2C12 cells.
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Environmental rotenone is associated with Parkinson's disease due to its inhibitory property to the complex I of mitochondrial respiration chain. Although environmental pollution has been postulated as a causal factor for the increasing prevalence of obesity, the role of rotenone in the pathogenesis
Superoxide production by NAD(P)H oxidase and mitochondria is increased in genetically obese and hyperglycemic rat heart and aorta before the development of cardiac dysfunction. The role of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-derived NADPH.
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Increased oxidative stress is a known cause of cardiac dysfunction in animals and patients with diabetes, but the sources of reactive oxygen species [e.g., superoxide anion (O(2)(-))] and the mechanisms underlying O(2)(-) production in diabetic hearts are not clearly understood. Our aim was to
Characteristics of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis induced by moderate-intensity exercise and weight loss in obesity.
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There are fewer mitochondria and a reduced oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle in obesity. Moderate-intensity physical activity combined with weight loss increase oxidative enzyme activity in obese sedentary adults; however, this adaptation occurs without a significant increase in mitochondrial
Obesity-dependent CDK1 signaling stimulates mitochondrial respiration at complex I in pancreatic β-cells.
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β-Cell mitochondria play a central role in coupling glucose metabolism with insulin secretion. Here, we identified a metabolic function of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1)/cyclin B1-the activation of mitochondrial respiratory complex I-that is active in quiescent adult β-cells and hyperactive in
Impaired utilization of membrane potential by complex II-energized mitochondria of obese, diabetic mice assessed using ADP recycling methodology.
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Recently, we used an ADP recycling approach to examine mouse skeletal muscle (SkM) mitochondrial function over respiratory states intermittent between state 3 and 4. We showed that respiration energized at complex II by succinate, in the presence of rotenone to block complex I, progressively
Mitochondrial aconitase controls adipogenesis through mediation of cellular ATP production.
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Mitochondrial aconitase (Aco2) catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate in the TCA cycle, which produces NADH and FADH2, driving synthesis of ATP through OXPHOS. In this study, to explore the relationship between adipogenesis and mitochondrial energy metabolism, we hypothesize that Aco2 may
Development of infrared imaging to measure thermogenesis in cell culture: thermogenic effects of uncoupling protein-2, troglitazone, and beta-adrenoceptor agonists.
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OBJECTIVE
Although the effects of thermogenic agents in cell culture can be measured by direct microcalorimetry, only a few samples can be analyzed over several hours. In this report, we describe a robust non-invasive technique to measure real-time thermogenesis of cells cultured in microtiter
Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Respiration Is Elevated in Female Cynomolgus Macaques Fed a Western Compared with a Mediterranean Diet.
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Insulin mediated DNA damage in mammalian colon cells and human lymphocytes in vitro.
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Hyperinsulinemia, the medical term for elevated insulin blood levels, is characteristic for several diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Studies reported a direct relationship between hyperinsulinemia and cancer risk, especially for colon cancer. In the
Calorie Restriction-induced Weight Loss and Exercise Have Differential Effects on Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria Despite Similar Effects on Insulin Sensitivity.
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UNASSIGNED
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance and reduced mitochondrial capacity have both been reported to be affected by aging. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of calorie restriction-induced weight loss and exercise on insulin resistance, skeletal muscle mitochondrial content,
Adipocytokine, omentin inhibits doxorubicin-induced H9c2 cardiomyoblasts apoptosis through the inhibition of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.
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Omentin is a relatively novel adipocyte-derived cytokine mainly expressed in visceral adipose tissues. Blood omentin level decreases in the patients with obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. We have previously demonstrated that omentin inhibits key pathological processes for
Physical fitness and mitochondrial respiratory capacity in horse skeletal muscle.
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BACKGROUND
Within the animal kingdom, horses are among the most powerful aerobic athletic mammals. Determination of muscle respiratory capacity and control improves our knowledge of mitochondrial physiology in horses and high aerobic performance in general.
RESULTS
We applied high-resolution
Enhanced liver but not muscle OXPHOS in diabetes and reduced glucose output by complex I inhibition.
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Mitochondrial function is critical in energy metabolism. To fully capture how the mitochondrial function changes in metabolic disorders, we investigated mitochondrial function in liver and muscle of animal models mimicking different types and stages of diabetes. Type 1 diabetic mice were induced by
Hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction induced by fatty acids and ethanol.
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Understanding the key aspects of the pathogenesis of alcoholic fatty liver disease particularly alterations to mitochondrial function remains to be resolved. The role of fatty acids in this regard requires further investigation due to their involvement in fatty liver disease and obesity. This study
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