In this study, the group is the treatment group. Patients are randomly assigned to participate, and patients will be given current parameters for setting time and flow.

In this study, the group is the control group. Patients are randomly assigned to participate, and patients will be given simulated electrical stimulation.

Post-stroke Depression

When the patient is ready for the treatment, place an electrode on the patient's forehead and place an electrode in each of the mastoid areas behind each ear. The three electrodes are placed in this way to enhance the performance of the Nexalin ADI device. When the device is activated, there will be a weak current passing through the forehead electrode and each mastoid electrode. The current intensity of Nexalin ADI treatment defaults to 15.00 mA and the duration defaults to 40 minutes. Both are preset to default parameters and cannot be changed.

NEXALIN ADI AC stimulator

When the patient is ready for the treatment, place an electrode on the patient's forehead and place an electrode in each of the mastoid areas behind each ear. When the device is started, no current flows through the electrodes, but the instrument's operating procedures, parameter displays, and prompts are the same as for a real instrument.

Pseudo-stimulator

The Official website of NEXALIN ADI AC stimulator

Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Treating Post-stroke Depression

The Efficacy of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation for Treating Post-stroke Depression: a Randomized Controlled Trial

the proportion of participants having an improvement at week 8, which includes response per the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17-Item (HAMD-17) defined as a ≥ 50% reduction from the baseline or clinical recovery (score ≤ 7).

The improvement will be decided by a reduction of ≥ 50% or the total score of 0-1 in the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (ranging from 0 to 42, higher scores indicate a more severe neurological deficit)

measured by a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) over the trial (scores on this scale range from 0 to 6, with higher scores indicating more significant disability), and the improvement is defined as 0, 1, and 2 in mRS.

the Barthel Index (BI) score is used to assess the activities of daily living (ranging from 0 to 100, higher scores indicate increased independence)

the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) is a 7-point scale ranging from 1 being "normal, not at all ill" to 7 being "among the most extremely ill patients"

The proportions of participants have improvements of 1, 2, and 3 in the CGI-Improvement.

The changes of participants on anxiety symptoms

The changes of participants on cognitive function assessed by MMSE

The changes of participants on cognitive function

the proportion of participants having an improvement at week 4, which includes response per the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17-Item (HAMD-17) defined as a ≥ 50% reduction from the baseline or clinical recovery (score ≤ 7).

assessing the resting-state high-density EEG (rsHEEG) by utilizing a 128 channel EEG system (Geodesic EEG system 400, Electrical Geodesics, Inc., OR, USA) at baseline, week 4, and week 8.

to measure cognitive status of PSD by the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS) at baseline, week 4, and week 8.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) of all patients will be recorded at baseline, week 4, and week 8. and the epileptic seizure will be verified by two independent experienced neurologists based on EEG activity and clinical manifestations.

Allen Song，MD & PHD

Vice Chief of Neurology Department

Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing

Experiment Group: (NEXALIN ADI AC stimulators) vs Mock Group(pseudo-stimulators). Both require the same appearance, all kinds of buttons, buttons, lights, switches, settings, etc. are the same, but the pseudo-stimulator can not release current.

The study is blind to participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor. If a serious adverse event occurs, stop treatment immediately.

Patients on deep brain stimulation for either obsessive-compulsive disorder or major depression, undergoing rechargeable neurostimulator implantation as intervention

Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Depression

Rechargeable neurostimulators are implanted when the non-rechargeable neurostimulators are end-of-life.

Medtronic Restore Advanced 37713

Rechargeable Neurostimulators in Deep Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders

Feasibility Study Regarding the Implantation and Use of Rechargeable Neurostimulators in Deep Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders (Either Obsessive-compulsive Disorder or Major Depression)

Change in mean Yale‐Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y‐BOCS). Mean Y-BOCS during the first 2 years after intervention minus mean Y-BOCS during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM‐D). Mean HAM-D during the first 2 years after intervention minus mean HAM-D during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Mean BDI during the first 2 years after intervention minus mean BDI during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Mean GAF during the first 2 years after intervention minus mean GAF during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in Stimulation amplitude as measured in volt. Mean stimulation amplitude during the first 2 years after intervention minus mean stimulation amplitude during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in Stimulation frequency as measured in hertz Mean stimulation frequency during the first 2 years after intervention minus mean stimulation frequency during the last 2 years before intervention

Stimulation pulse width as measured in seconds. Mean stimulation pulse width during the first 2 years after intervention minus mean stimulation pulse width during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in stimulation contact configuration as expressed in fraction of patients using a certain contact point as anode or cathode.
Fraction of patients using a certain contact point as cathode or anode during the first 2 years after intervention minus fraction of patients using a certain contact point as cathode or anode during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in frequency of outpatient clinic contacts at the Psychiatry department. Frequency of outpatient clinic contacts at the Psychiatry department during the first 2 years after intervention minus frequency of outpatient clinic contacts at the Psychiatry department during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in fraction of hospitalized days at the Psychiatry department. Fraction of hospitalized days at the Psychiatry department during the first 2 years after intervention minus fraction of hospitalized days at the Psychiatry department during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in frequency of outpatient clinic contacts at the Neurosurgery department.
Frequency of outpatient clinic contacts at the Neurosurgery department during the first 2 years after intervention minus frequency of outpatient clinic contacts at the Neurosurgery department during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in fraction of hospitalized days at the Neurosurgery department. Fraction of hospitalized days at the Neurosurgery department during the first 2 years after intervention minus fraction of hospitalized days at the Neurosurgery department during the last 2 years before intervention.

Change in frequency of neurosurgical procedures related to the DBS system. Frequency of neurosurgical procedures related to the DBS system after intervention minus frequency of neurosurgical procedures related to the DBS system before intervention.

Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven

Medtronic

ADHD

Patient will take treatment during two months

Methylphenidate

Patient will have 12 sessions during 6 to 8 weeks

cognitive remediation

Patients will have 12 sessions during 6 to 8 weeks

supportive psychotherapy

neuropsychological tests will assess attentional and executive performance

neuropsychological tests

CHU de Bordeaux

Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens

Cognitive Remediation in ADHD Children : Comparison Between Three Therapeutic Strategies : Cognitive Remediation With a Virtual Classroom Software and Methylphenidate and Supportive Psychotherapy

University Hospital, Bordeaux

Fondation Caisse d'Epargne

Patients are started on the modified Atkins diet at 15 grams per day.

Tourette Syndrome

Modified Atkins diet

Johns Hopkins Hospital

Pilot Study of the Modified Atkins Diet for Tourette Syndrome

Number of tics per day, intensity, severity, will be compared to baseline (pre-diet)

tics/céphalée

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Treating Post-stroke Depression

Rechargeable Neurostimulators in Deep Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders

Cognitive Remediation in ADHD Children : Comparison Between Three Therapeutic Strategies : Cognitive Remediation With a Virtual Classroom Software and Methylphenidate and Supportive Psychotherapy

Pilot Study of the Modified Atkins Diet for Tourette Syndrome

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