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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) stimulate hepatic lipogenesis in vivo. We now show that TNF-alpha, IL-1, and IFN-alpha stimulate lipogenesis as measured by the incorporation of 3H-glycerol into triglyceride in cultured HepG2 cells.
Inflammatory cytokines have been linked to obesity-related insulin resistance. To investigate the effect of TNF-alpha, an inflammatory cytokine, on insulin action, C57BL/6J mice were treated with TNF-alpha for 7 days after which we examined the in vivo effects of TNF-alpha on glucose tolerance and
Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 alpha (HNF-4α) is an important transcription factor governing the expression of genes involved in multiple metabolic pathways. Secreted phospholipase A(2) GXIIB (PLA(2) GXIIB) is an atypical member of a class of secreted phospholipases A(2) . We establish in this study
The use of biodegradable polymeric matrices as controlled release systems is known to be associated with various drawbacks. The objective of this study was to develop an alternative delivery system based on triglycerides, thereby aiming for sustained continuous protein release. Tristearin implants
The subchronic oral toxicity of 4-chloro-alpha, alpha, alpha-trifluorotoluene (CTT) was assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups of six male and six female rats were treated daily for 28 days, by gavage, with doses of 0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg CTT/kg body weight using olive oil as a vehicle. No
The applicability of alpha-tocopherol as a lymphotropic carrier for a highly lipophilic drug has been evaluated. Transport to the intestinal lymph of the highly lipophilic model drug, Lu28-179, in rats after administration to the stomach in an alpha-tocopherol emulsion was compared with lymphatic
The recently discovered APOA5 gene has been shown in humans and mice to be important in determining plasma triglyceride levels, a major cardiovascular disease risk factor. apoAV represents the first described apolipoprotein where overexpression lowers triglyceride levels. Since fibrates represent a
A toxicology study was performed in mice given a superpotent alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) analog. This 13 amino acid derivative, [Nle4, D-Phe7]alpha-MSH or NDP-MSH, is a melanotropin which is very slowly biodegraded in vivo and is active at 1/1,000 the concentration of natural
This study examined the postprandial lipemia of two groups of men displaying similar age, body weight, and regional fat distribution, but characterized by either low (n = 11) or high (n = 15) alpha(2)-adrenergic sensitivity of subcutaneous abdominal adipocytes. In addition to fat cell lipolysis,
This study investigated the effect of a single oral ingestion of alpha-linolenic acid-enriched diacylglycerol (ALA-DAG) on postprandial serum triglyceride (TG) levels. A randomized, double-blind, controlled, crossover study was performed in subjects with normal or moderately high fasting serum TG
Single and repeated bolus injections of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) in laboratory animals have been reported to result in hypertriglyceridaemia, suggesting that TNF is a mediator of hypertriglyceridaemia occurring during infection. However, as during infection production of TNF is probably
Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha (ACACA) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs2229416) was significantly associated with hypertriglyceridemia, during exploration of antipsychotic direct effects on lipids. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene (rs1468271) and ACACB gene (rs2241220) SNPs were significantly