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Acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors: N-phthalyl-L-valine anilide and related compounds.
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The potency of L-valine as an inhibitor of Zea mays acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) is increased more than 8000-fold on conversion to its N-phthalyl anilide derivative which is active at 2 microM. The D-valine, alpha-aminobutyric acid, isoleucine and phenylalanine analogs are 11- to 43-fold less
Characterization of mutation-induced changes in the maize (Zea mays L.) ADH1-1S1108 alcohol dehydrogenase.
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The homodimeric alcohol dehydrogenase gene produce of maize (Zea mays L.) Adh1-1S1108 mutation was purified and compared with the parental Adh1-1S enzyme. The mutant alcohol dehydrogenase activity had pH optima and substrate specificity similar to those of the parental enzyme, but exhibited somewhat
Characterization of Acetate and Pyruvate Metabolism in Suspension Cultures of Zea mays by C NMR Spectroscopy.
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Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been applied to the direct observation of acetate and pyruvate metabolism in suspension cultures of Zea mays (var Black Mexican Sweet). Growth of the corn cells in the presence of 2 millimolar [2-(13)C]acetate resulted in a rapid uptake of
DNA sequences for the Zea mays tRNA genes tV-UAC and tS-UGA: tV-UAC contains a large intron.
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The chloroplast genome contains genes for a large and probably complete set of tRNAs. These genes are unique in sharing attributes of both nuclear and bacterial tRNA genes. Two chloroplast tRNA genes from Zea mays are described here. tV-UAC, encoding a valine tRNA with the anticodon UAC, contains a
Mutations in corn (Zea mays L.) conferring resistance to imidazolinone herbicides.
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Three corn (Zea mays L.) lines resistant to imidazolinone herbicides were developed by in vitro selection and plant regeneration. For all three lines, resistance is inherited as a single semidominant allele. The resistance alleles from resistant lines XA17, XI12, and QJ22 have been crossed into the
Acetolactate Synthase Activity in Developing Maize (Zea mays L.) Kernels.
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Acetolactate synthase (EC 4.1.3.18) activity was examined in maize (Zea mays L.) endosperm and embryos as a function of kernel development. When assayed using unpurified homogenates, embryo acetolactate synthase activity appeared less sensitive to inhibition by leucine + valine and by the
Sequence in which the amino acids on corn (Zea mays) become limiting for growing rats.
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Three 21-day feeding experiments were conducted to determine the sequence in which the amino acids of corn become limiting for the growth of young rats. Diets consisted of corn fortified with minerals and vitamins, and supplemented with various combinations of essential amino acids. On the basis of
Biochemical composition of maize (Zea mays L.) pollen : I. Effects of the endosperm mutants, waxy (wx), shrunken (sh 2) and sugary (su 1) on the amino acid content and fatty acid distribution.
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Proline was the most abundant amino acid with a mean value of 186.28 μ moles/mg dry pollen. The other amino acids tested were below 33 μ moles/mg dry pollen. The mutant wx significantly increased aspartic acid, valine, histidine and an unknown but significantly decreased α aminobutyric acid. The
Biochemical composition of maize (Zea mays L.) pollen : III. Effects of allele X storage interactions at the waxy(wx), sugary (su 1) and shrunken (sh 2) loci on the amino acid content.
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Pollen grains containing either the Wx, wx, Su 1, su 1, Sh 2 or sh 2 alleles were stored at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days at 2 °C. After each storage period, a portion of pollen from each genotype was analyzed for free amino acid content. Over all genotypes, storage significantly altered the content of
The impact of lower gut nitrogen supply on nitrogen balance and urea kinetics in growing pigs fed a valine-limiting diet.
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An N-balance and isotope dilution study was performed to determine the effect of lower gut N supply on N retention and CO(NH(2))(2) kinetics in growing pigs. Nine cecally cannulated and jugular-catheterized barrows (initial BW 22.4 ± 1.2 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 cecal N infusion
Metabolites Identified during Varied Doses of Aspergillus Species in Zea mays Grains, and Their Correlation with Aflatoxin Levels.
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Aflatoxin contamination is associated with the development of aflatoxigenic fungi such as Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus on food grains. This study was aimed at investigating metabolites produced during fungal development on maize and their correlation with aflatoxin levels. Maize cobs were
Characterization of a Hydrophobic Amylase Inhibitor from Corn (Zea mays) Seeds with Activity Against Amylase from Fusarium verticillioides.
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ABSTRACT A hydrophobic 19.7-kDa amylase inhibitor (AI) was purified from corn kernels by 95% ethanol extraction and anionic exchange chromatography. The AI has an isoelectric point of 3.6 and was very stable at different pH values and high temperatures, maintaining 47.6% activity after heating to 94
Cloning and functional analysis of a novel DREB1/CBF transcription factor involved in cold-responsive gene expression in Zea mays L.
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The transcription factors DREB1s/CBFs specifically interact with the DRE/CRT cis-acting element (core motif: G/ACCGAC) and control the expression of many stress-inducible genes in Arabidopsis. We isolated a cDNA for a DREB1/CBF homolog, ZmDREB1A in maize using a yeast one-hybrid system. The ZmDREB1A
A defective signal peptide tethers the floury-2 zein to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
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The maize (Zea mays L.) floury-2 (fl2) mutation is associated with a general decrease in storage protein synthesis, altered protein body morphology, and the synthesis of a novel 24-kD alpha-zein storage protein. Unlike storage proteins in normal kernels and the majority of storage proteins in fl2
Dietary casein and soybean protein affect the concentrations of serum cholesterol, triglyceride and free amino acids in rats.
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This work was undertaken to investigate the concentrations of free amino acids in blood after food was withheld from growing, male Wistar rats fed cholesterol-free, low fat (1 g corn oil/100 g) diets with casein or soybean protein for 2 wk. A diet containing 22.5 or 23.5 g/100 g of soybean protein
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