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BACKGROUND
Drug development is a high-risk and high failure enterprise, and studies that provide an early read on the pharmacodynamic activity of novel compounds could save time and money, increasing the efficiency of the drug development process.
OBJECTIVE
Preclinical and clinical experiments were
The paper reviews the results obtained with velnacrine, a cholinesterase inhibitor and potential Alzheimer's disease agents, in early clinical studies in healthy volunteers and patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). In healthy subjects, the compound was demonstrated to reverse cognitive
The present study investigated the effects of early protein malnutrition on the spatial learning and memory processes. The consequences of malnutrition for the cholinergic system were evaluated by comparing the performance of malnourished and control animals in the Morris water maze after treatment
The assessment of cognition enhancers in the clinic is a broad topic that can be addressed from both academic/theoretical and therapeutic/drug development perspectives. The most important first step is to decide which perspective one is employing and to clearly specify, a priori, the goal of any
Enhancement of our perioperative pain management protocols has resulted in accelerated rehabilitation. At our facility, the majority of patients undergoing total and partial knee arthroplasty are treated with a single-shot spinal anesthetic consisting of a combination of bupivacaine and duramorph.
The major problem in predicting clinical efficacy from animal experimental results and phase I data is the lack of resemblance between the models used and the clinical condition. This problem is complicated by the diversity of the potential mechanisms of action of new compounds. A further question
Domoic acid (DA) is a marine biotoxin, produced by the diatom Pseudo-nitzchia spp., which has been shown to cause cognitive impairment in adults who are exposed via contaminated seafood. The neurobehavioral consequences of developmental exposure are much less well understood. In a previous study, we
Three groups of rhesus monkeys (N = 4/group) were administered daily doses of lead acetate dissolved in milk throughout the first year of life. The doses of lead administered were 0.9 mg/kg/day (high lead group), 0.3 mg/kg/day (low lead group), and no added dietary lead (control group). These doses
Real-time ultrasonography has shown fetal motor activity to be present long before the mother is able to perceive any movements. The development of fetal movement patterns reflects neuromotor maturation of the fetal central nervous system. Drugs given to the mother may affect fetal neuromotor
Recently, we reported a correlation of scopolamine mediated decline in memory consolidation with increase in the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in the mouse hippocampus. Memory consolidation is a protein synthesis-dependent process which involves the
The original article inadvertently had a mistake in Fig. 3a and b. The authors regret to these errors.
Impairments in early information processing are a hallmark feature of diverse neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several lines of evidence implicate a dysfunction of the cholinergic system in these disorders, particularly in AD where there is known
The medical intervention of 'twilight sleep', or the use of a scopolamine-morphine mixture to anaesthetise labouring women, caused a furore among doctors and early 20th-century feminists. Suffragists and women's rights advocates led the Twilight Sleep Association in a quest to encourage doctors and
In the present study we analysed, by in situ hybridization, the effects of an extremely localized mechanical brain injury, obtained by the simple needle insertion (30 g) in rat hippocampus or cortex, on the expression of several immediate early genes (c-fos, fosB, c-jun, junB, junD, zif/268). When