Subjects will be instructed to walk on a treadmill, moving at a constant speed, following a "virtual path" displayed on a flat screen in front of them. In this group, the gait task may involve avoiding virtual obstacles on the screen in the path or stepping on targets as determined by the therapist.

Subjects will be instructed to walk on a treadmill, moving at a constant speed. The flat screen will play random scenes from the virtual reality environment and thus control for attentional and non-movement related clues.

Complex Regional Pain Syndromes

Fibromyalgia

Stroke

Traumatic Brain Injury

Osteoarthritis

Back Pain

Sciatica

Treadmill walking. Modified available technology for gait capture. Tailored software for virtual environment rendering and immersive qualities

Virtual Environment Biofeedback

Treadmill walking. Flat screen / no virtual environment to act as attentional control.

Treadmill walking with no Virtual Environment Biofeedback

Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Virtual Environment Rehabilitation for Patients With Motor Neglect Trial

Trial of Virtual Reality Biofeedback in Patients With Motor Neglect From Chronic Pain or Cerebrovascular Disease

Distance walked in 5 minutes at weeks 2 compared to baseline (% change)

Self-reported 20-question Functional Activity Questionnaire with minimal clinically important difference of 9 (range 0-80). Each question scored 0-4. Low scores indicate less function.

Self-reported questionnaire - mean score (11-point analogue scale). High scores indicate more pain. % change from baseline will be calculated

Self-reported questionnaire (0-94 points). Low scores indicate loss of function.

Self-reported questionnaire (0-21 on each dimension of Anxiety and Depression). High scores indicate high Anxiety or Depression

Self-reported questionnaire (1-6). High scores indicate more Neglect-like symptoms

Self-reported questionnaire. 0-5 score. High scores indicate high satisfaction

Asymmetry (left-right split presented in numerical form)

Timing (Proportion of gait with planted foot and raised foot measured as %).

Dr Nicholas Shenker

Consultant Rheumatologist

Data collected by unblended participant and research assistant. Outcomes analysed by blinded team and statistician Objective machine outcomes are blinded

low back pain/infarction

Virtual Environment Rehabilitation for Patients With Motor Neglect Trial

An bunachar luibheanna míochaine is iomláine le tacaíocht ón eolaíocht