Materials
1. Probiotics The probiotics used in this proposal are selected to be more related to mental conditions. The PS128, which belongs to Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum. Administration of probiotics for 4 weeks in animal experiments showed significant improvements in depression and
A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group controlled trial with sham treatment will be conducted in fibromyalgia patients to assess aspects of eating behavior.
Before, during and after birth major changes take place in the cardiovascular system. The last weeks prior to birth there is an oxidative stress and after birth, there is normally a large step up in blood oxygen tension when the lungs take over oxidation of the blood. Simultaneously there are
The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased rapidly in less than half a century. It is assumed that this development is due to interplay between behavioural, environmental and genetic factors. This increase in weight is associated with multiple-medical conditions, e.g. increased
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is defined as any nausea, retching, or vomiting occurring during the first 24-48 h after surgery in patients. PONV is one of the most common causes of patient dissatisfaction after anesthesia, with reported incidences of 30% in all post-surgical patients and
Several biochemical mechanisms explaining how Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) provides an effective treatment for obesity associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and improves hyperglycemia independently of weight loss have been proposed. Two are of particular interest; a) the hindgut hypothesis
Tobacco use and obesity are the two leading causes of preventable deaths. A growing literature indicates that common neurobiological substrates mediate drug addiction and obesity. Therefore, it is not surprising that during smoking abstinence, highly palatable food may serve as a substitute
Evidence from neuroimaging studies indicates that aberrant functionality in brain regions that support reward processing and habit formation may be related to an individual's eating behavior and obesity propensity. In particular, our previous research found that increased dopamine D2 receptor
Background: APDs are among the most widely prescribed medications for psychotic, mood, and anxiety disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Many APDs, currently available in the United States, particularly second generation APDs, have been associated to
The proposed project addresses critical gaps in the understanding of the strength, specificity and persistence of neurobehavioral adaptions that occur in the initial period of repeated consumption of a branded sugar sweetened beverage (SSB). Half of Americans consume SSBs on any given day.
Regular
Specific Aim 1: To test on two study days, one neutral affect and one negative affect day (affect induction) whether negative affect alters brain reinforcement learning in a dopamine system anchored taste reward learning paradigm (a task for prediction error and reward value computation) during
With obesity at an all-time high, understanding eating behavior beyond physical need is a priority. Food reinforcement is driven by central dopamine activity. However, objective measurement of brain dopamine-related behavioral events is hindered by the lack of non-invasive, accessible techniques
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