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[Effect of the overactivated central renin-angiotensin system on the concentration of brain norepinephrine and epinephrine in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats and its significances].

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The content of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) in the brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats has proved abnormal, but the cause remained unknown. It was shown in the recent work that NE content in pons, posterior hypothalamus, nucleus caudatus and E concentration in medulla oblongata,

The Use of Epinephrine in Caudal Anesthesia Increases Stroke Volume and Cardiac Output in Children.

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OBJECTIVE Caudal anesthesia is a common and effective regional anesthesia technique in pediatric patients. The addition of epinephrine to local anesthetics in caudal anesthesia is a frequent practice; however, changes in hemodynamic and cardiac parameters produced by epinephrine in caudal anesthesia

Effects of milrinone and epinephrine or dopamine on biventricular function and hemodynamics in right heart failure after pulmonary regurgitation.

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Right ventricular failure (RVF) secondary to pulmonary regurgitation (PR) impairs right ventricular (RV) function and interrupts the interventricular relationship. There are few recommendations for the medical management of severe RVF after prolonged PR. PR was induced in 16 Danish landrace pigs by

Autonomic and myocardial changes in middle cerebral artery occlusion: stroke models in the rat.

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Stroke models in larger animals such as the cat, dog and monkey are becoming increasingly more expensive and less readily available. However, the rat is an excellent model for focal cerebral ischemia. Rats are readily available, inexpensive and their neuroanatomy and brain function have been studied

Cardiovascular effects of epinephrine during rewarming from hypothermia in an intact animal model.

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Rewarming from accidental hypothermia is often complicated by "rewarming shock," characterized by low cardiac output (CO) and a sudden fall in peripheral arterial pressure. In this study, we tested whether epinephrine (Epi) is able to prevent rewarming shock when given intravenously during rewarming

Effects of graded doses of epinephrine during asphxia-induced bradycardia in newborn lambs.

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To study the hemodynamic effects of graded doses of epinephrine (EPI) in a newborn animal model of hemodynamically significant bradycardia, we performed the following study. Ten newborn lambs were chronically instrumented with catheters and flow transducers so that systemic, pulmonary arterial, left

Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats as a model for toxemia of pregnancy and aggravating and preventive effects of maternal modifications during pregnancy on offspring's growth.

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Genetical differences in changes in blood pressure (BP) were chronologically investigated during pregnancy in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP), Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Especially, the early stages were carefully studied. Maternal conditions in SHRSP

Enhanced ex vivo inhibition of platelet function following addition of dipyridamole to aspirin after transient ischaemic attack or ischaemic stroke: first results from the TRinity AntiPlatelet responsiveness (TrAP) study.

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Ex vivo dipyridamole 'non-responsiveness' has not been extensively studied in ischaemic cerebrovascular disease. Platelet surface marker expression, leucocyte-platelet complex formation and inhibition of platelet function at high shear stress as detected by the PFA-100®

Clopidogrel-induced platelet inhibition cannot be detected by the platelet function analyzer-100 system in stroke patients.

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The administration of an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor antagonist, such as clopidogrel, is recommended for recurrent stroke patients under aspirin treatment. However, up to 25% of vascular patients have an inadequate response to clopidogrel treatment, which could be associated with increased

Effects of uncoupling protein 2 -866G/A polymorphism on platelet reactivity and prognosis in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and ischemic stroke.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of -866G>A polymorphism of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) on platelet reactivity and prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and ischemic stroke (IS). A total of 405 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and stroke were assessed in a

Stroke and aspirin non-responder patients: relation with hypertension and platelet response to adenosine diphosphate.

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Despite its widespread use, there are many concerns about the efficacy of aspirin in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events after stroke, leading to the concept of aspirin non-response (ANR). Although the mechanisms of ANR remain uncertain, it is expected to be due to a combination of

Assessment of the antiplatelet effects of low to medium dose aspirin in the early and late phases after ischaemic stroke and TIA.

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Vascular events commonly recur in stroke patients on aspirin, and may reflect incomplete inhibition of platelet function with aspirin therapy. The platelet function analyser (PFA-100) activates platelets by aspirating a blood sample at a moderately high shear rate through a capillary to a

Measurement of platelet aggregation during antiplatelet therapy in ischemic stroke.

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Aspirin, ticlopidine and clopidogrel are used as a pharmacological means to efficiently decrease the number of reoccurrence of ischemic stroke (100-325 mg/d). This antiplatelet treatment could prevent the secondary stroke by approximately 22%. Laboratory effective platelet inhibition for the

Role of platelet α2-adrenoreceptor in biological low response to Clopidogrel for patients with non cardioembolic ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

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OBJECTIVE Low biological response to Clopidogrel prescribed after non cardioembolic ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a major clinical problem and could explain the recurrence of vascular events. Platelet α2-adrenoreceptors are involved in the high residual platelet reactivity in

[Platelet aggregation test: application in the control of antiplatelet aggregation in the secondary prevention of stroke].

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BACKGROUND Stroke is the leading cause of death in Brazil. The risk of suffering a recurrent stroke is around 30% in 5 years. Antiplatelet therapy has been frequently used to prevent recurrent strokes without laboratory control. OBJECTIVE To determine the value of the platelet aggregation test in

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