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The influence of monoacylglycerol and L-glutamic acid on the viscoelastic properties of wheat flour dough and sensory characteristics of French loaf product.

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BACKGROUND The influence of monoacylglycerol Rimulsoft Super(V) and L-glutamic acid added to wheat flour dough was studied. Properties of the doughs were evaluated on the basis of chemical analysis and rheological measurements on a farinograph. Bakery products made from these doughs were

Jejunal microvilli atrophy and reduced nutrient transport in rats with advanced liver cirrhosis: improvement by Insulin-like Growth Factor I.

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BACKGROUND Previous results have shown that in rats with non-ascitic cirrhosis there is an altered transport of sugars and amino acids associated with elongated microvilli. These alterations returned to normal with the administration of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I). The aims of this study

Yokukansan and Yokukansankachimpihange Ameliorate Aggressive Behaviors in Rats with Cholinergic Degeneration in the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert.

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Yokukansan (YKS) and yokukansankachimpihange (YKSCH) are traditional Japanese Kampo medicines. The latter comprises YKS along with the medicinal herbs Citrus unshiu peel and Pinellia tuber. Both of these Kampo medicines are indicated for the treatment of night crying and irritability in children and

In situ formation of hydrophobic clusters to enhance mechanical performance of biodegradable poly(l-glutamic acid)/poly(ε-caprolactone) hydrogel towards meniscus tissue engineering.

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The preparation of scaffolds represents a huge challenge for meniscus tissue engineering, as there are particular biomechanical and biodegradability requirements. Here, an amphiphilic polymer was prepared by grafting hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with short chains onto hydrophilic

Dysregulated metabolic pathways in age-related macular degeneration.

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Age-related macular degeneration is a major cause of vision impairment in the Western world among people of 55 years and older. Recently we have shown that autophagy is dysfunctional in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of the AMD donor eyes (AMD RPE). We also showed increased reactive oxygen

[Epileptogenicity and neurotoxicity induced by intra-amygdaloid injection of various excitatory amino acids in rats].

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The electroencephalographic and histopathological changes following intra-amygdaloid injection of excitatory amino acids were examined in rats. Limbic seizure status was induced after injection of kainic acid (KA), domoic acid (DA), quisqualic acid (QA), alpha-allo-kainic acid (ALLO-KA) and

Kainic acid: insights from a neurotoxin into the pathophysiology of Huntington's disease.

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Kainic acid, a conformationally restricted analog of L-glutamic acid, is a potent neuroexcitant. Consistent with the excitotoxin hypothesis of Olney, intrastriatal injection of kainic acid causes degeneration of neurons with perikarya within the striatum but spares axons passing through or

Enhanced antioxidant and protective activities on retinal ganglion cells of carotenoids-overexpressing transgenic carrot.

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Carotenoids are considered to act as antioxidants and protect humans from serious disorders such as skin degeneration and ageing, cardiovascular disease, certain types of cancer, and age-related diseases of the eye. In this study, these chemopreventive activities of a carotenoids-overexpressing

Dissociated cell culture of cholinergic neurons from nucleus basalis of Meynert and other basal forebrain nuclei.

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Degeneration of cholinergic neurons from the basal forebrain nuclei is suspected to be the cause of Alzheimer disease. We have developed dissociated cultures of cholinergic neurons from these nuclei (the nucleus basalis of Meynert, the medial septal nucleus, and the diagonal band nuclei). Brain

Molecular cloning, functional expression, pharmacological characterization and chromosomal localization of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor type 3.

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Glutamic acid is the major excitatory amino acid of the central nervous system which interacts with two receptor families, the ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are coupled to G proteins and can be divided into three subgroups based on

Characterization of specific, high-affinity binding sites for L-[3H]glutamic acid in rat brain membranes.

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L-[3H]Glutamic acid binds reversibly to rat brain membranes with high affinity. Specific binding is linear with tissue concentration and has a pH optimum at neutrality. Saturation isotherms reveal anomolous kinetics of specific binding with an high affinity site with a KD of 11 nM and a lower

Localization of kainic acid-sensitive cells in mammalian retina.

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Short-term (15 minutes) in vitro exposure to kainic acid (KA), a rigid structural analog of L-glutamic acid (Glu), caused two morphologically distinct neuronal lesions in retinas of several species. In rabbit retina, one type of lesion was characterized by rapid swelling after exposure to low

Evidence that glutamic acid is the neurotransmitter of baroreceptor afferent terminating in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS).

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The possibility that L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) might be the neurotransmitter of baroreceptor afferents terminating in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and affecting activity of the autonomic nervous system was tested using a variety of techniques. Effects on blood pressure and heart rate of

Sensitive and insensitive states of cultured glioma cells to glutamate damage.

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Cytotoxic effects of L-glutamate and related compounds were investigated on rat glioma C6 cells in vitro. Within 12-24 h, addition of glutamate to the culture medium, resulted in degeneration of the C6 cells. The ED50 for glutamate-induced damage was about 4 mM. Seventeen structural analogues of

Agkistrodon ameliorates pain response and prevents cartilage degradation in monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritic rats by inhibiting chondrocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis.

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Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by joint pain and cartilage degradation, is the most common form of joint disease worldwide but with no satisfactory therapy available. The ethanol extract of Agkistrodon acutus (EAA) has been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for

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