Control meal using standard breakfast foods.

This will consist of standard breakfast foods plus a berry smoothie.

This will consist of standard breakfast foods plus a sea buckthorn berry smoothie.

This will consist of standard breakfast foods plus a wild garlic dip.

Diet Induced Thermogenesis

Obesity Control

This will consist of standard breakfast foods (cereal, milk, yoghurt, cheese cracker bread, butter, banana and cream

Control Meal

This will consist of standard breakfast foods (cereal, milk, yoghurt, cheese cracker bread, butter, banana and cream plus a berry smoothie. The berry smoothie consists of blueberries, raspberries and blackberries.

Berry Treatment

This will consist of standard breakfast foods (cereal, milk, yoghurt, cheese cracker bread, butter, banana and cream plus a sea buckthorn berry smoothie.

Sea Buckthorn Treatment

This will consist of standard breakfast foods (cereal, milk, yoghurt, cheese cracker bread, butter, banana and cream. The wild garlic will be prepared and served as a dip alongside.

Wild Garlic Treatment

Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, Human Nutrition Unit

Thermic Effects of Some Scottish Plant Foods

The Thermic Effect of Some Plant Foods Native to Scotland: A Pilot Study.

Measured as the difference in Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) during fasting and postprandial states

Based on the Respiratory Quotient (RQ) from RMR measurement and urinary urea, the proportion of carbohydrate, fat and protein used for energy production will be estimated.

Measured using 100mm continuous-line scales anchored at each end with opposing answers to satiety and palatability related questions

University of Aberdeen

Instant noodles contained AMP-1915 2 g/pc with meal, 1 pc/day for 3 months.

Instant noodles with the same sharp and color as Experimental noodles with meal, 1 pc/day for 3 months.

Metabolic Syndrome X

A traditional Chinese Formula extract from Astragalus, Radix Puerariae and Cortex Mori is mixed into instant noodles. Patients are treated with AMP-1915 as meal.

AMP-1915

Placebo

Clinical Trial of Chinese Formula AMP-1915 on Metabolic Syndrome

Phase 0 Clinical Trial of Chinese Formula AMP-1915 on Metabolic Syndrome

Patients' FBG from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was collected before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect.

Patients' blood from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was collected before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCH), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were measured.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect, separately.

Patients' insulin concentration from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was collected before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect.

Patients' body weight from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was measured before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect.

Patients' Plasma HbA1c from both placebo and AMP-1915-treated group was measured before treatment as a baseline and after 3-month treatment.
The difference between these two time points presents the drug effect.

Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Mulberry Leaf Extract

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Region of Enrollment

Hemoglobin A1C

Sodium (>150 mmol/L), Potassium (>5 mmol/L), Bicarbonate (>34 mmol/L), Chloride (>110 mmol/L), Serum Creatinine (>1.2 mg/dL), Blood Urea Nitrogen (24 mg/dL), Calcium (>11 mg/L), Alanine Aminotransferase (>3 times baseline), Aspartate Aminotransferase (>3 times baseline) were collected at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months. Self-Reported adverse drug reactions are also reported.

Number of Participants With Adverse Drug Reactions, Abnormal Metabolic Panel Levels, or Abnormal Liver Enzyme Levels

2-hour postprandial SMBG reported. A negative value indicates a decrease from baseline. A positive value indicates an increase from baseline.

Change From Baseline in Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose (SMBG) Averages

Overall Study

Daniel Riche

Type 2 Diabetes

Mulberry Leaf Extract 1000 mg by mouth three times daily for 3 months

Placebo 500 mg #2 capsules by mouth three times daily

University of Mississippi Medical Center

Impact of Mulberry Leaf on Type 2 Diabetes

Effect of Mulberry Leaf Extract on Glycemic Durability in Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: a Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Pilot Study (Mul-DM)

morus atropurpurea/antifungik

Thermic Effects of Some Scottish Plant Foods

Clinical Trial of Chinese Formula AMP-1915 on Metabolic Syndrome

Impact of Mulberry Leaf on Type 2 Diabetes

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