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The aim of this work was to examine the metabolism of exogenous gluconate by a 4-day-old cell suspension culture of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Release of (14)CO(2) from [1-(14)C]gluconate was dependent on the concentration in the medium and could be resolved into a substrate-saturable
Glucuronic acids in Arabidopsis thaliana xylans exist in 4-O-methylated (MeGlcA) and non-methylated (GlcA) forms at a ratio of about 3:2. The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry analysis of the endoxylanase liberated acidic oligosaccharides from the Arabidopsis
Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum systemic herbicide used worldwide. In susceptible plants, glyphosate affects the shikimate pathway and reduces aromatic amino acid synthesis. Using Arabidopsis seedlings grown in the presence of 20μM glyphosate, we analyzed H2O2, ascorbate, glutathione (GSH) and
That some plants benefit from being eaten is counterintuitive, yet there is now considerable evidence demonstrating enhanced fitness following herbivory (i.e., plants can overcompensate). Although there is evidence that genetic variation for compensation exists, little is known about the genetic
BACKGROUND
Hydrolysates of plant biomass used for the production of lignocellulosic biofuels typically contain sugar mixtures consisting mainly of D-glucose and D-xylose, and minor amounts of L-arabinose. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the preferred microorganism for the fermentative
Sugar metabolism and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) are strongly implicated in N assimilation, although the relationship between them and the roles of the plastidial and cytosolic OPPP have not been established genetically. We studied a knock-down mutant of the plastid-localized OPPP
Arabidopsis PGL1, PGL2, PGL4 and PGL5 are predicted to encode cytosolic isoforms of 6-phosphogluconolactonase (6PGL), whereas PGL3 is predicted to encode a 6PGL that has been shown to localize in both plastids and peroxisomes. Therefore, 6PGL may exist in the cytosol, plastids and peroxisomes.
Large numbers of genes essential for embryogenesis in Arabidopsis encode enzymes of plastidial metabolism. Disruption of many of these genes results in embryo arrest at the globular stage of development. However, the cause of lethality is obscure. We examined the role of the plastidial
UNASSIGNED
Enzymes belonging to the RNase T2 family are essential for normal rRNA turnover in eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, this function is performed by RNS2. The null mutant rns2-2 has increased rRNA half-life and constitutive autophagy. The aim of this work was to determine the molecular
The ability to rapidly switch the intracellular energy storage form from starch to lipids is an advantageous trait for microalgae feedstock. To probe this mechanism, we sequenced the 56.8-Mbp genome of Chlorella pyrenoidosa FACHB-9, an industrial production strain for protein, starch, and lipids.
BACKGROUND
Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been engineered for xylose utilization to enable production of fuel ethanol from lignocellulose raw material. One unresolved challenge is that S. cerevisiae lacks a dedicated transport system for pentose sugars, which means that xylose is
The presence of cytosolic and plastidic pathways of carbohydrate oxidation is a characteristic feature of plant cell metabolism. Ideally, steady-state metabolic flux analysis, an emerging tool for creating flux maps of heterotrophic plant metabolism, would capture this feature of the metabolic
The extent to which individual plants utilise nitrate and ammonium, the two principal nitrogen sources in the rhizosphere, is variable and many species require a balance between the two forms for optimal growth. The effects of nitrate and ammonium on gene expression, enzyme activity and metabolite
The xylulose 5-phosphate/phosphate translocator (PTs) (XPT) represents a link between the plastidial and extraplastidial branches of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. Its role is to retrieve pentose phosphates from the extraplastidial space and to make them available to the plastids. However,
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key enzyme of the oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway and serves as the major source of NADPH for metabolic reactions and oxidative stress response in pro- and eukaryotic cells. We here report on a strain of the model yeast Saccharomyces