People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two capsules of ginger extract (containing 5% of gingerols) and intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).

People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two placebo capsules (cellulose) and intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).

People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two capsules of ginger extract (containing 5% of gingerols) and intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).
Extract of ginger: People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two capsules of ginger extract (containing 5% of gingerols).
Intravenous ketoprofen: People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).

Extract of Ginger

People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two placebo capsules (cellulose) and intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).
Cellulose: People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two placebo capsules (cellulose).
Intravenous ketoprofen: People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).

Cellulose

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Race and Ethnicity Not Collected

Marital status was classified:
Married [n (%)] Single [n (%)] Widowed/Divorced [n (%)]

Marital Status

Occupation

M. with aura [n (%)] M. without aura [n (%)]

Migraine Diagnosis

Length of disease

Age of onset the disease

Number of migraine attacks/month

Migraine Disability Test (MIDAS)
The MIDAS is a questionnaire designed to quantify headache-related disability over a 3 month period.
Total Score is obtained with the sum of days lost in social, domestic and work activities
The total score corresponding to four categories:
0 to 5 = Grade I - Llittle or no disability 6 to 10 = Grade II - Mild disability 11 to 20 = Grade III - Moderate disability 21 or + = Grade IV - Severe disability

Migraine Disability Test (MIDAS)

Headache Impact Test, version 6 (HIT-6)
HIT-6 measures the disability caused by headaches in the previous month. This questionnaire consists of six questions whose answer alternatives are given in frequency. The result is the sum of the points for each answer.
The four headache impact severity categories are little or no impact (49 or less), some impact (50–55), substantial impact (56–59), and severe impact (60–78).

Headache Impact Test, version 6 (HIT-6)

Beck Depression Inventory
The BDI measures the severity of depressive episodes. It is a self-report questionnaire with 21 groups of statements that express levels of severity of depressive symptoms ranging from 0 to 3 points.
The standard cut-off scores are as follows:
0–9: indicates minimal depression 10–18: indicates mild depression 19–29: indicates moderate depression 30–+: indicates severe depression.

The 4-point verbal scale consists of pain classification in scores between zero and three that correspond to: 0 - Absence of pain, 1 - Mild Pain, 2 - Moderate Pain and 3 - Severe pain

Pain intensity (Four-point Scale)

Pain intensity (Faces Pain Scale)

The numerical visual scale has a score ranging from zero to 10 and is associated with the description of pain intensity and functional capacity, where zero corresponds to absence of pain and ten to maximum, disabling pain.

Pain intensity (Visual Numeric Scale)

The severity of headache was assessed with four-point scale. Scale ranges: 0 - Absence of pain, 1 - Mild Pain, 2 - Moderate Pain and 3 - Severe pain Higher scores mean a worse outcome

30 people (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two capsules of ginger extract (containing 5% of gingerois) and intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).
Extract of ginger: 30 people (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two capsules of ginger extract (containing 5% of gingerois).
Intravenous ketoprofen: 30 people (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).

30 people (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two placebo capsules (cellulose) and intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).
Cellulose: 30 people (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two placebo capsules (cellulose).
Intravenous ketoprofen: 30 people (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).

Change in Headache Severity.

The severity of headache was assessed with visual numeric scale. Scale ranges: from zero (absence of pain) to 10 (maximum intensity of pain). Higher scores mean a worse outcome.

The severity of headache was assessed with faces pain scale. It is a self-reported pain scale consisting of face drawings which have a score ranging from zero (absence of pain) to five (maximal intensity of pain).
Higher scores mean a worse outcome.

Evaluated biomarkers: neurotrophic factors and inflammatory mediators.

People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two capsules of ginger extract (containing 5% of gingerois) and intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).
Extract of ginger: People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two capsules of ginger extract (containing 5% of gingerois).
Intravenous ketoprofen: People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).

Change in Serum Levels of Biomarkers.

Overall Study

Dr. Antonio Lucio Teixeira

Migraine

People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two capsules of ginger extract (containing 5% of gingerols).

Extract of ginger

People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received two placebo capsules (cellulose).

People (both genders) who went to the emergency room of the Hospital Vera Cruz (Belo Horizonte, MG, BR) with a migraine attack received intravenous ketoprofen (100mg).

Intravenous ketoprofen

Ginger Capsules for the Acute Treatment of Migraine Attacks

Double-blind Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Ginger (Zingiber Officinale) Addition to Ketoprofen for the Acute Treatment of Migraine Attacks

Antonio L Teixeira Jr

Federal University of Minas Gerais

stratified equally to doxycycline monohydrate 50mg taken once daily for 24 months

stratified equally to placebo taken once daily for 24 months

stratified equally to placebo taken once daily for 24 months
placebo: placebo taken once daily for 24 months

Placebo

stratified equally to doxycycline monohydrate 50mg taken once daily for 24 months
doxycycline monohydrate: 50mg once daily for 24 months

Doxycycline Monohydrate

Race (NIH/OMB)

Region of Enrollment

Change in dark adaptation is measured as dark adaptation time at baseline measured in minutes minus dark adaptation time measured at 24 months

Change in Dark Adaptation, Rod Intercept

Change in photopic visual fields between baseline and 24 months

Change in Photopic Visual Field

Change in Frequency Doubling Perimetry (FDP) from baseline, shown as mean and foveal (center of retina) scores

Change in Frequency Doubling Perimetry (FDP)

Change in ETDRS visual acuity letter score from baseline. ETDRS is measured on a scale of 0 to 70 where 0 means inability to see anything on the chart and 70 is normal (20/20) acuity.

Change in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS)

Change in central subfield thickness from baseline

Change in Central Subfield Thickness

Change in Macular Volume

Change in Central Retinal Artery Equivalent (CRAE) diameter from baseline

Change in Central Retinal Artery Equivalent (CRAE) Diameter

Change in Central Retinal Vein Equivalent (CRVE) diameter from baseline

Change in Central Retinal Vein Equivalent (CRVE) Diameter

Change in arteriovenous ratio diameter from baseline

Change in Arteriovenous Ratio Diameter

Dr. Thomas W. Gardner

Diabetic Retinopathy

doxycycline monohydrate

placebo

Penn State University, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center

Penn State Hershey Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology

Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center

Evaluation of Doxycycline Verses Placebo for the Treatment of Severe Nonproliferative or Mild or Moderate Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Evaluation of Effect of Doxycycline Verses Placebo on Diabetic Retinopathy Progression and Retinal Function in Patients With Severe Non-proliferative or Mild or Moderate (Non-high-risk) Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

cellulose/headache

Ginger Capsules for the Acute Treatment of Migraine Attacks

Evaluation of Doxycycline Verses Placebo for the Treatment of Severe Nonproliferative or Mild or Moderate Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

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