gaba/vomiting

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Effect of baclofen on emesis and 24-hour esophageal pH in neurologically impaired children with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

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OBJECTIVE Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is difficult to control with medical therapy in neurologically impaired children. The gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor agonist baclofen was recently reported to reduce reflux in adult patients with GERD by reducing the incidence of transient

The effect of tetrahydroisoxazolopyridinol (THIP) in tardive dyskinesia: a new gamma-aminobutyric acid agonist.

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gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists have been proposed for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia, but their therapeutic potential has been limited by side effects and toxicity. To elucidate further the role of GABA in neuroleptic-induced dyskinesias, we evaluated tetrahydroisoxazolopyridinol

Gamma-aminobutyric acid agonists for antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia.

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Chronic antipsychotic drug treatment may cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), a long-term movement disorder. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist drugs, which have intense sedative properties and may exacerbate psychotic symptoms, have been used to treat TD. 1. Primary objectiveThe primary objective was

Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel gamma-aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptor agonists as gastroesophageal reflux inhibitors.

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We have previously demonstrated that the prototypical GABA B receptor agonist baclofen inhibits transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs), the most important mechanism for gastroesophageal reflux. Thus, GABA B agonists could be exploited for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux

Sodium oxybate reduces pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance and improves functionality in fibromyalgia: results from a 14-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

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This 14-week, phase 3, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial evaluated sodium oxybate (SXB) 4.5 and 6g per night versus placebo in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). SXB is the sodium salt of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). GHB is an endogenous compound, synthesized from γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and

GABA-B-receptor antibodies in paraneoplastic brainstem encephalitis.

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BACKGROUND Gamma-aminobutyric-acid B (GABA-B)-receptor encephalitis represents a novel entity among autoimmune CNS disorders. Most cases are characterised by limbic encephalitis. METHODS A 63-year-old patient presented with acute vertigo, nausea and vomiting, facial palsy and dysarthria. He

Current and prospective pharmacological targets in relation to antimigraine action.

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Migraine is a recurrent incapacitating neurovascular disorder characterized by unilateral and throbbing headaches associated with photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and vomiting. Current specific drugs used in the acute treatment of migraine interact with vascular receptors, a fact that has raised

Effect of gabapentin on postoperative pain and operation complications: a randomized placebo controlled trial.

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OBJECTIVE Prevention and treatment of postoperative pain and operation complications such as nausea and vomiting are most important concerns in postoperative care. There are several mechanisms involved in postoperative pain. Gabapentin is a gamma aminobutyric acid analogue that is known as an

Pregabalin versus tramadol for postoperative pain management in patients undergoing lumbar laminectomy: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.

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Prevention and treatment of postoperative pain continues to be a major challenge in postoperative care. Opioid analgesics, with their well-known side effects, continue to represent a cornerstone in postoperative pain control. Anticonvulsant medications are established treatments for neuropathic

Is perioperative pregabalin effective for reducing postoperative pain in major surgery?

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BACKGROUND Pregabalin is a structural analog of γ-aminobutyric acid that may have a role in acute pain management. It has been used in the perioperative context, but there is controversy regarding its real clinical utility. METHODS To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database

A comprehensive review of MDMA and GHB: two common club drugs.

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"Club drugs" have become alarmingly popular. The use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) and gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), in particular, has increased dramatically from 1997-1999. The pharmacokinetics of MDMA and GHB appear to be nonlinear, making it difficult to estimate a

Retrospective Chart Review of Intravenous Valproate Sodium as a Preventive Treatment for Patients With Chronic Migraine.

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This is a small pilot study to evaluate the effectiveness of an intravenous (IV) valproate sodium therapy protocol for migraine prevention in a population of patients with chronic migraine refractory to multiple preventive medications.Valproate sodium is an

Effect of oral pregabalin premedication on post-operative pain in laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery.

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BACKGROUND Post-operative pain and the administration of opioids to relieve it, is considered to be one of the important issues in surgery wards. This issue is even more significant in obese patients, because of the side effects of opioids. Pregabalin is an analog of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Sequential neuropathology of dogs treated with vigabatrin, a GABA-transaminase inhibitor.

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Vigabatrin (Sabril) is a gamma-aminobutyric acid-transaminase (GABA-T) inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of certain types of drug-resistant or uncontrolled epilepsy but is known to cause microscopic vacuolation (intramyelinic edema) in the brains of treated rats, mice, and dogs. The

Use of intrathecal midazolam to improve perioperative analgesia: a meta-analysis.

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Intrathecal midazolam binds with gamma aminobutyric acid-A receptors in the spinal cord leading to an analgesic effect. Clinical studies suggested that intrathecal midazolam may also reduce nausea and vomiting when used as an adjunct to other spinal medications. However, the potential neurotoxic

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