galacturonic acid/arabidopsis thaliana

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Botrytis cinerea mutants deficient in D-galacturonic acid catabolism have a perturbed virulence on Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis, but not on tomato.

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D-Galacturonic acid is the most abundant monosaccharide component of pectic polysaccharides that comprise a significant part of most plant cell walls. Therefore, it is potentially an important nutritional factor for Botrytis cinerea when it grows in and through plant cell walls. The d-galacturonic

Reduced photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana atpme17.2 and atpae11.1 mutants is associated to altered cell wall composition

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The cell wall is a complex and dynamic structure that determines plants' performance by constant remodelling of its compounds. Although cellulose is its major load-bearing component, pectins are crucial to determine wall characteristics. Changes in pectin physicochemical properties, due to pectin

Major changes in the cell wall during silique development in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Fruit development is a highly complex process, which involves major changes in plant metabolism leading to cell growth and differentiation. Changes in cell wall composition and structure play a major role in modulating cell growth. We investigated the changes in cell wall composition and the

Effects of Pectin Molecular Weight Changes on the Structure, Dynamics, and Polysaccharide Interactions of Primary Cell Walls of Arabidopsis thaliana: Insights from Solid-State NMR.

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Significant cellulose-pectin interactions in plant cell walls have been reported recently based on 2D 13C solid-state NMR spectra of intact cell walls, but how these interactions affect cell growth has not been probed. Here, we characterize two Arabidopsis thaliana lines with altered expression of

The biosynthesis of UDP-galacturonic acid in plants. Functional cloning and characterization of Arabidopsis UDP-D-glucuronic acid 4-epimerase.

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UDP-GlcA 4-epimerase (UGlcAE) catalyzes the epimerization of UDP-alpha-D-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) to UDP-alpha-D-galacturonic acid (UDP-GalA). UDP-GalA is a precursor for the synthesis of numerous cell-surface polysaccharides in bacteria and plants. Using a biochemical screen, a gene encoding

Pectin biosynthesis: GALS1 in Arabidopsis thaliana is a β-1,4-galactan β-1,4-galactosyltransferase.

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β-1,4-Galactans are abundant polysaccharides in plant cell walls, which are generally found as side chains of rhamnogalacturonan I. Rhamnogalacturonan I is a major component of pectin with a backbone of alternating rhamnose and galacturonic acid residues and side chains that include α-1,5-arabinans,

Identification of pectin methylesterase 3 as a basic pectin methylesterase isoform involved in adventitious rooting in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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• Here, we focused on the biochemical characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana pectin methylesterase 3 gene (AtPME3; At3g14310) and its role in plant development. • A combination of biochemical, gene expression, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy and reverse genetics approaches

Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA mutants implicate GAUT genes in the biosynthesis of pectin and xylan in cell walls and seed testa.

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Galacturonosyltransferase 1 (GAUT1) is an alpha1,4-D-galacturonosyltransferase that transfers galacturonic acid from uridine 5'-diphosphogalacturonic acid onto the pectic polysaccharide homogalacturonan (Sterling et al., 2006). The 25-member Arabidopsis thaliana GAUT1-related gene family encodes 15

Pectin Biosynthesis Is Critical for Cell Wall Integrity and Immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Plant cell walls are important barriers against microbial pathogens. Cell walls of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves contain three major types of polysaccharides: cellulose, various hemicelluloses, and pectins. UDP-D-galacturonic acid, the key building block of pectins, is produced from the precursor

A galacturonic acid-containing xyloglucan is involved in Arabidopsis root hair tip growth.

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Root hairs provide a model system to study plant cell growth, yet little is known about the polysaccharide compositions of their walls or the role of these polysaccharides in wall expansion. We report that Arabidopsis thaliana root hair walls contain a previously unidentified xyloglucan that is

Engineering increased vitamin C levels in plants by overexpression of a D-galacturonic acid reductase.

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L-Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in fruits and vegetables is an essential component of human nutrition. Surprisingly, only limited information is available about the pathway(s) leading to its biosynthesis in plants. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of GalUR, a gene from strawberry that

Quantitative HPLC-MS analysis of nucleotide sugars in plant cells following off-line SPE sample preparation.

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An analytical workflow was developed for the absolute quantification of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-sugars in plant material in order to compare their metabolism both in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and mutated plants (ugd2,3) possessing genetic alterations within the UDP-glucose dehydrogenase genes

L-Gulono-1,4-lactone oxidase expression rescues vitamin C-deficient Arabidopsis (vtc) mutants.

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Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) has important antioxidant and metabolic functions in both plants and animals, humans have lost the ability to synthesize it. Fresh produce is the major source of vitamin C in the human diet yet only limited information is available concerning its route(s) of synthesis in

Molecular Evolutionary and Expression Pattern Analysis of AKR Genes Shed New Light on GalUR Functional Characteristics in Brassica rapa

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The aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily plays a major role in oxidation-reduction in plants. _D-galacturonic acid reductase (GalUR), an ascorbic acid (AsA) biosynthetic enzyme, belongs to this superfamily. However, the phylogenetic relationship and evolutionary history of the AKR gene

Probing of the reaction pathway of human UDP-xylose synthase with site-directed mutagenesis.

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Uridine 5'-diphosphate (UDP)-xylose (UDP-Xyl) synthase (UXS) catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA) to UDP-Xyl. The closely related UDP-glucuronic acid 4-epimerase (UGAE) interconverts UDP-GlcUA and UDP-galacturonic acid (UDP-GalUA) in a highly similar manner via

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