guanine/nicotiana

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Guanine binding site of the Nicotiana glutinosa ribonuclease NW revealed by X-ray crystallography.

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Ribonuclease NW (RNase NW), the wound-inducible RNase in Nicotiana glutinosa leaves, preferentially cleaves guanylic acid. We expressed the cDNA encoding RNase NW in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris using the expression vector pPIC9K, and the resulting recombinant RNase NW (ryRNaseNW)

Amino acid residues in ribonuclease MC1 from bitter gourd seeds which are essential for uridine specificity.

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The ribonuclease MC1 (RNase MC1), isolated from seeds of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), consists of 190 amino acids and is characterized by specific cleavage at the 5'-side of uridine. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to evaluate the contribution of four amino acids, Asn71, Val72, Leu73, and

Plant G-protein β subunits positively regulate drought tolerance by elevating detoxification of ROS.

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Heterotrimeric guanine-nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins) consist of α, β and γ subunits and play important roles in response and tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants, but the function of the heterotrimeric G-protein β subunit in response to drought remains unclear. In the present study,

Purine metabolism in mesophyll protoplasts of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves.

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The overall metabolism of purines was studied in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) mesophyll protoplasts. Metabolic pathways were studied by measuring the conversion of radioactive adenine, adenosine, hypoxanthine and guanine into purine ribonucleotides, ribonucleosides, bases and nucleic acid

Molecular characterization of the NeIF2Bbeta gene encoding a putative eIF2B beta-subunit in Nicotiana tabacum.

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The NeIF2Bbeta cDNA encoding beta-subunit of the translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B-beta) was identified from Nicotiana tabacum through protein interaction with PRK1, a reproductive-organ-specific receptor-like kinase (Park et al., 2000). The eIF2B is a guanine nucleotide-exchange protein that

Isolation and characterization of a wound-inducible ribonuclease from Nicotiana glutinosa leaves.

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A wound-inducible ribonuclease (RNase NW) was purified from leaves of Nicotiana glutinosa. The purified RNase NW has an optimum pH around 5 and 7, and its base specificity is suggested based on the relative rates of hydrolysis of homopolyribonucleotides to be a preference for guanine base. The

Crystal structures of the ribonuclease MC1 mutants N71T and N71S in complex with 5'-GMP: structural basis for alterations in substrate specificity.

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Ribonuclease MC1 (RNase MC1), isolated from bitter gourd seeds, is a uridine specific RNase belonging to the RNase T2 family. Mutations of Asn71 in RNase MC1 to the amino acids Thr (N71T) and Ser (N71S) in guanosine preferential RNases altered the substrate specificity from uridine specific to

Role of Asp51 and Glu105 in the enzymatic activity of a ribonuclease from Rhizopus niveus.

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The active site of a base non-specific RNase from Rhizopus niveus (RNase Rh), consists of three histidine residues and one carboxyl group [Ohgi, K. et al. (1992) J. Biochem. 111, 132-138]. In order to identify this acidic amino acid residue, we chose Asp51 and Glu105 as candidates based on a

A small GTP-binding protein from Arabidopsis thaliana functionally complements the yeast YPT6 null mutant.

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A clone designated A.t.RAB6 encoding a small GTP-binding protein was isolated from a cDNA library of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf tissue. The predicted amino acid sequence was highly homologous to the mammalian and yeast counterparts, H.Rab6 and Ryh1/Ypt6, respectively. Lesser homology was found

A point mutation in the tobacco mosaic virus capsid protein gene induces hypersensitivity in Nicotiana sylvestris.

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In Nicotiana sylvestris, the N' gene confers hypersensitive resistance to some strains of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) but not to the common strain. TMV sequences responsible for inducing local lesion formation in this host were identified by using cDNA clones to construct genomic recombinants between

SPIKE1 Activates the GTPase ROP6 to Guide the Polarized Growth of Infection Threads in Lotus japonicus

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In legumes, rhizobia attach to root hair tips and secrete nodulation factor to activate rhizobial infection and nodule organogenesis. Endosymbiotic rhizobia enter nodule primordia via a specialized transcellular compartment known as the infection thread (IT). The IT elongates by polar tip growth,

Nt-RhoGDI2 regulates Rac/Rop signaling and polar cell growth in tobacco pollen tubes.

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Rac/Rop-type Rho-family small GTPases accumulate at the plasma membrane in the tip of pollen tubes and control the polar growth of these cells. Nt-RhoGDI2, a homolog of guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) regulating Rho signaling in animals and yeast, is co-expressed with the Rac/Rop

Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate influences Nt-Rac5-mediated cell expansion in pollen tubes of Nicotiana tabacum.

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The regulation of pollen tube growth by the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P(2) ) is not well understood. The Arabidopsis genome encodes two type A phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) 5-kinases, PIP5K10 and PIP5K11, which are exclusively expressed in pollen and

Two distinct sites are essential for virulent infection and support of variant satellite RNA replication in spontaneous beet black scorch virus variants.

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Spontaneous point mutations of virus genomes are important in RNA virus evolution and often result in modifications of their biological properties. Spontaneous variants of beet black scorch virus (BBSV) and its satellite (sat) RNA were generated from cDNA clones by serial propagation in Chenopodium

Plant pathogen effector utilizes host susceptibility factor NRL1 to degrade the immune regulator SWAP70.

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Plant pathogens deliver effectors into plant cells to suppress immunity. Whereas many effectors inactivate positive immune regulators, other effectors associate with negative regulators of immunity: so-called susceptibility (S) factors. Little is known about how pathogens exploit S factors to

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