nematode infections/protease

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Constitutive expression of mouse mast cell protease-1 in normal BALB/c mice and its up-regulation during intestinal nematode infection.

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Rodent intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) store and secrete soluble granule serine proteases, the beta-chymases, which may promote epithelial permeability during intestinal hypersensitivity reactions. The beta-chymase mouse mast cell protease-1 (mMCP-1) is generally considered to be expressed late

Genotype-dependent expression of specific members of potato protease inhibitor gene families in different tissues and in response to wounding and nematode infection.

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Protease inhibitors (PIs) are small ubiquitous proteins with a variety of biological functions in plants, including protein stabilization, modulation of apoptosis and defense against pathogens. Kunitz-like inhibitors (PKPIs) and proteinase inhibitors 1 (PI-1) are abundant in storage organs of potato

A cDNA encoding a pepsinogen-like, aspartic protease from the human roundworm parasite Strongyloides stercoralis.

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Using degenerate oligonucleotide primers based on conserved active site residues, we have isolated a cDNA encoding an aspartic protease from the nematode parasite Strongyloides stercoralis, an important, enteric pathogen of humans. cDNAs encoding the aspartic protease were isolated from the

Structure of the protective nematode protease complex H-gal-GP and its conservation across roundworm parasites.

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Roundworm parasite infections are a major cause of human and livestock disease worldwide and a threat to global food security. Disease control currently relies on anthelmintic drugs to which roundworms are becoming increasingly resistant. An alternative approach is control by vaccination and 'hidden

Structural basis for the immunomodulatory function of cysteine protease inhibitor from human roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides.

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Immunosuppression associated with infections of nematode parasites has been documented. Cysteine protease inhibitor (CPI) released by the nematode parasites is identified as one of the major modulators of host immune response. In this report, we demonstrated that the recombinant CPI protein of

Mucosal mast cells are functionally active during spontaneous expulsion of intestinal nematode infections in rat.

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Infestation of the gastrointestinal tract by parasitic nematodes is invariably associated with mucosal mastocytosis, which is a thymus-dependent phenomenon in parasitized rats, and is adoptively transferable with a T cell-enriched population of thoracic duct lymphocytes. When derived by in vitro

Modulation of intestinal muscle contraction by interleukin-9 (IL-9) or IL-9 neutralization: correlation with worm expulsion in murine nematode infections.

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Immune responses associated with intestinal nematode infections are characterized by the activation of T-helper 2 (Th2) cells. Previous studies demonstrated that during Trichinella spiralis infection, Th2 cells contribute to the development of intestinal muscle hypercontractility and to worm

Isolation and characterization of a serine protease from the nematophagous fungus, Lecanicillium psalliotae, displaying nematicidal activity.

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Lecanicillium psalliotae produced an extracellular protease (Ver112) which was purified to apparent homogeneity giving a single band on SDS-PAGE with a molecular mass of 32 kDa. The optimum activity of Ver112 was at pH 10 and 70 degrees C (over 5 min). The purified protease degraded a broad range of

Role of enteric nerves in immune-mediated changes in protease-activated receptor 2 effects on gut function.

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BACKGROUND Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are expressed on structural and immune cells. Control of initiation, duration, and magnitude of PAR effects is linked to the level of receptor expression, availability of proteases, and the intracellular signal transduction machinery. We investigated

Anaphylactic release of mucosal mast cell granule proteases: role of serpins in the differential clearance of mouse mast cell proteases-1 and -2.

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The granule-derived mouse mast cell proteases-1 and -2 (mMCP-1 and -2) colocalize in similar quantities in mucosal mast cells but micrograms of mMCP-1 compared with nanograms of mMCP-2 are detected in peripheral blood during intestinal nematode infection. This differential systemic response was

Interleukin-9 is involved in host protective immunity to intestinal nematode infection.

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Murine studies have demonstrated that, as with other nematodes, infection with the intestinal nematode Trichinella spiralis is associated with a pronounced intestinal mastocytosis, eosinophilia and an elevation in serum levels of total IgE. Both interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 are clearly important in

Delayed expulsion of the nematode Trichinella spiralis in mice lacking the mucosal mast cell-specific granule chymase, mouse mast cell protease-1.

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Expulsion of gastrointestinal nematodes is associated with pronounced mucosal mast cell (MMC) hyperplasia, differentiation, and activation, accompanied by the systemic release of MMC granule chymases (chymotrypsin-like serine proteases). The beta-chymase mouse mast cell protease-1 (mMCP-1) is

IgE-mediated release of rat mast cell protease II, beta-hexosaminidase and leukotriene C4 from cultured bone marrow-derived rat mast cells.

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Functional characteristics of cultured bone marrow-derived rat mast cells (BMMC) were studied. BMMC were shown to release in a time- and dose-dependent fashion the mucosal mast cell (MMC)-specific enzyme, rat mast cell protease II (RMCPII), following IgE-mediated activation in vitro. RMCPII release

Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of a cysteine protease inhibitor from the human nematode parasite Ascaris lumbricoides.

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The cysteine protease inhibitor from Ascaris lumbricoides, a roundworm that lives in the human intestine, may be involved in the suppression of human immune responses. Here, the molecular cloning, protein expression and purification, preliminary crystallization and crystallographic characterization

Molecular Characterization of a Dirofilaria immitis Cysteine Protease Inhibitor (Cystatin) and Its Possible Role in Filarial Immune Evasion.

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Infection with canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis), spread via mosquito vectors, causes coughing, asthma, pneumonia, and bronchitis in humans and other animals. The disease is especially severe and often fatal in dogs and represents a serious threat to public health worldwide. Cysteine

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