ketone/atrophy

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N-alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) suppresses neuritic degeneration caused by different experimental paradigms including in vitro Wallerian degeneration.

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Accumulating evidence indicates that neurite degeneration occurs via a distinct mechanism from somal death programs. We have previously shown that neuritic ATP level in sympathetic neurons decreases, whereas somal ATP level remains unaltered during degeneration caused by the microtubule-disrupting

Nervous system degeneration produced by the industrial solvent methyl n-butyl ketone.

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Because of a number of cases of peripheral neuropathy that occurred in factory workers employed in a fabric-printing plant in 1973, chronic inhalation experiments have been conducted using the printing-ink solvents methyl n-butyl ketone (MBK) and methyl iso-butyl ketone (MIBK). After four months of

Differential Sphingolipid and Phospholipid Profiles in Alcohol and Nicotine-Derived Nitrosamine Ketone-Associated White Matter Degeneration.

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BACKGROUND Alcohol-mediated neurodegeneration is associated with white matter (WM) atrophy due to targeting of myelin and oligodendrocytes. However, variability in disease severity suggests cofactors contribute to WM degeneration. We examined the potential cofactor role of the tobacco-specific

Ketone Bodies Attenuate Wasting in Models of Atrophy.

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Cancer Anorexia Cachexia Syndrome (CACS) is a distinct atrophy disease negatively influencing multiple aspects of clinical care and patient quality of life. Although it directly causes 20% of all cancer-related deaths, there are currently no model systems that encompass the entire

Urinary ketone body loss leads to degeneration of brain white matter in elderly SLC5A8-deficient mice.

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SLC5A8 is a sodium-coupled monocarboxylate and ketone transporter expressed in various epithelial cells. A putative role of SLC5A8 in neuroenergetics has been also hypothesized. To clarify this issue, we studied the cerebral phenotype of SLC5A8-deficient mice during aging. Elderly SLC5A8-deficient

Accuracy of an electrochemical sensor for measuring capillary blood ketones by fingerstick samples during metabolic deterioration after continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion interruption in type 1 diabetic patients.

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OBJECTIVE This study was designed to test the accuracy of capillary ketonemia for diagnosis of ketosis after interruption of insulin infusion. METHODS A total of 18 patients with type 1 diabetes treated by external pump were studied during pump stop for 5 h. Plasma and capillary ketonemia and

Studies on plasma free fatty acid and ketone bodies in young patients with muscular atrophy.

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1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate ameliorates age-related spatial memory deterioration by increasing serum ketone body production as a complementary energy source for neuronal cells.

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1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) is naturally obtained from the rhizomes and seeds of Alpinia galangal. Here, we examined the effect of ACA on learning and memory in senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8). In mice that were fed a control diet containing 0.02% ACA for 25 weeks, the learning

Safety of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: metabolic deterioration and glycaemic autoregulation after deliberate cessation of infusion.

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To assess the rate of metabolic deterioration and potential risks of failure of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion during basal insulin delivery, we deliberately stopped infusion in nine insulin dependent diabetics. Plasma glucose, blood 3-hydroxybutyrate and plasma free insulin were measured

Environmental hydrocarbons produce degeneration in cat hypothalamus and optic tract.

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2,5-Hexanedione, the principal neurotoxic metabolite of the industrial solvents n-hexane and methyl n-butyl ketone causes axonal degeneration in the mammillary body and visual nuclei of cats. Prolonged, low-level exposure to hydrocarbons in the environment may cause premature deterioration in areas

Ketone body 3-hydroxybutyrate mimics calorie restriction via the Nrf2 activator, fumarate, in the retina.

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Calorie restriction (CR) being the most robust dietary intervention provides various health benefits. D-3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), a major physiological ketone, has been proposed as an important endogenous molecule for CR. To investigate the role of 3HB in CR, we investigated potential shared

A potent inhibitor of cytosolic phospholipase A2, arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone, attenuates LPS-induced lung injury in mice.

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Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute lung injury of high mortality rate, and sepsis syndrome is one of the most frequent causes of ARDS. Metabolites of arachidonic acid, including thromboxanes and leukotrienes, are proinflammatory mediators and potentially involved in the

Inhibition of cPLA2 has neuroprotective effects on motoneuron and muscle atrophy following spinal cord injury.

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Surviving motoneurons undergo dendritic atrophy after spinal cord injury (SCI), suggesting an important therapeutic target for neuroprotective strategies to improve recovery of function after SCI. Our previous studies showed that phospholipase A2 (PLA2) may play an important role in the pathogenesis

Degeneration and energy shortage in the suprachiasmatic nucleus underlies the circadian rhythm disturbance in ApoE-/- mice: implications for Alzheimer's disease.

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients suffer sleep disorders and circadian rhythm disturbances (CRDs). The underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood, and treatments are lacking. In this study, we characterized the locomotor activity, clock gene expression, morphological degeneration and energy

Euglycemic Ketoacidosis in Spinal Muscular Atrophy.

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Euglycemic ketoacidosis is defined by the triad of high anion gap acidosis, increased plasma ketones, and the absence of hyperglycemia. Apart from diabetes mellitus, the disorder may occur in prolonged fasting, excessive alcohol consumption, pregnancy, and inborn errors of metabolism. Here, we

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