neurodegenerative diseases/protease

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The m-AAA Protease Associated with Neurodegeneration Limits MCU Activity in Mitochondria.

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Mutations in subunits of mitochondrial m-AAA proteases in the inner membrane cause neurodegeneration in spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA28) and hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP7). m-AAA proteases preserve mitochondrial proteostasis, mitochondrial morphology, and efficient OXPHOS activity, but the cause

Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is present in the rat hippocampus and is associated with neurodegeneration.

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Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor that possesses a structure and activation mechanism similar to those of the thrombin receptor. It is activated by low concentrations of trypsin (300 pM) and a synthetic hexapeptide [sequence of serine, leucine,

A mutation in the serine protease TMPRSS4 in a novel pediatric neurodegenerative disorder.

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BACKGROUND To elucidate the genetic basis of a novel neurodegenerative disorder in an Old Order Amish pedigree by combining homozygosity mapping with exome sequencing. RESULTS We identified four individuals with an autosomal recessive condition affecting the central nervous system (CNS).

Calcium-dependent and aspartyl proteases in neurodegeneration and ageing in C. elegans.

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Proteolytic mechanisms have been implicated in the process of ageing, and in many neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, which are most prevalent in old age. Simple model organisms such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly

Contribution of a metal-peroxide adduct to neurodegeneration is due to its oxidative protease activity.

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Many hypotheses have been developed to explain aging and age-related neurodegenerative disorders; one of the most compelling is the role of oxidative stress to induce changes in protease activity in brains of patients of Alzheimer's disease and prion disease. At the moment however, there is no clear

Protease pathways in peptide neurotransmission and neurodegenerative diseases.

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1. Recent research demonstrates the critical importance of neuroproteases for the production of peptide neurotransmitters, and for the production of toxic peptides in major neurodegenerative diseases that include Alzheimer's (AD) and Huntington's diseases. This review describes the strategies

Astrocyte-specific deletion of the mitochondrial m-AAA protease reveals glial contribution to neurodegeneration.

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Mitochondrial dysfunction causes neurodegeneration but whether impairment of mitochondrial homeostasis in astrocytes contributes to this pathological process remains largely unknown. The m-AAA protease exerts quality control and regulatory functions crucial for mitochondrial homeostasis. AFG3L2,

Chaperones and proteases: cellular fold-controlling factors of proteins in neurodegenerative diseases and aging.

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The formation of toxic protein aggregates is a common denominator to many neurodegenerative diseases and aging. Accumulation of toxic, possibly infectious protein aggregates induces a cascade of events, such as excessive inflammation, the production of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis and neuronal

An inhibitor of serine proteases, neuroserpin, acts as a neuroprotective agent in a mouse model of neurodegenerative disease.

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Various studies suggest that proteolytic activity may be involved in a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including stroke and seizure. In this report, we examined the role of tryptic serine proteases, plasminogen activators (PAs), in the evolution of a neurodegenerative disease. Transgenic mice

Pathogenic Role of Serine Protease HtrA2/Omi in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

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High-temperature-requirement A2 (HtrA2)/Omi/PARK13 is a serine protease with extensive homology to the Escherichia coli HtrAs that are required for bacterial survival at high temperatures. The HtrA2 protein is a key modulator of mitochondrial molecular quality control but under stressful conditions

Protease-activated receptors in the brain: receptor expression, activation, and functions in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.

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Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are G protein-coupled receptors that regulate the cellular response to extracellular serine proteases, like thrombin, trypsin, and tryptase. The PAR family consists of four members: PAR-1, -3, and -4 as thrombin receptors and PAR-2 as the trypsin/tryptase

Potential of protease inhibitor in 3-nitropropionic acid induced Huntington's disease like symptoms: mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration.

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Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disorder mainly characterized by motor dysfunction, cognitive decline and psychiatric disturbances. 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) is an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which thereby

Mutations in PMPCB Encoding the Catalytic Subunit of the Mitochondrial Presequence Protease Cause Neurodegeneration in Early Childhood.

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Mitochondrial disorders causing neurodegeneration in childhood are genetically heterogeneous, and the underlying genetic etiology remains unknown in many affected individuals. We identified biallelic variants in PMPCB in individuals of four families including one family with two affected siblings

Emerging roles of mitochondrial proteases in neurodegeneration.

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Fine tuning of integrated mitochondrial functions is essential in neurons and rationalizes why mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important pathogenic role in neurodegeneration. Mitochondria can contribute to neuronal cell death and axonal dysfunction through a plethora of mechanisms, including low

Protease-activated receptors in neuronal development, neurodegeneration, and neuroprotection: thrombin as signaling molecule in the brain.

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Protease-activated receptors (PARs) belong to the superfamily of seven transmembrane domain G protein-coupled receptors. Four PAR subtypes are known, PAR-1 to -4. PARs are highly homologous between the species and are expressed in a wide variety of tissues and cell types. Of particular interest is

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