xanthine/arabidopsis

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RNA interference-mediated suppression of xanthine dehydrogenase reveals the role of purine metabolism in drought tolerance in Arabidopsis.

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We have previously demonstrated that RNA interference-mediated suppression of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), the rate-limiting enzyme in purine degradation, causes defects in the normal growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we investigated a possible role for XDH in drought tolerance,

Xanthine dehydrogenase AtXDH1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is a potent producer of superoxide anions via its NADH oxidase activity.

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Xanthine dehydrogenase AtXDH1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is a key enzyme in purine degradation where it oxidizes hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. Electrons released from these substrates are either transferred to NAD(+) or to molecular oxygen, thereby yielding NADH or superoxide,

Tandem orientation of duplicated xanthine dehydrogenase genes from Arabidopsis thaliana: differential gene expression and enzyme activities.

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Xanthine dehydrogenase from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana was analyzed on molecular and biochemical levels. Whereas most other organisms appear to own only one gene for xanthine dehydrogenase A. thaliana possesses two genes in tandem orientation spaced by 704 base pairs. The cDNAs as well as the

ABA3 is a molybdenum cofactor sulfurase required for activation of aldehyde oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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The xanthine oxidase class of molybdenum enzyzmes requires a terminal sulfur ligand at the active site. It has been proposed that a special sulfurase catalyzes the insertion of this ligand thereby activating the enzymes. Previous analyses of mutants in plants indicated that the genetic locus aba3 is

Dual and Opposing Roles of Xanthine Dehydrogenase in Defense-Associated Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism in Arabidopsis.

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While plants produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) for stress signaling and pathogen defense, they need to remove excessive ROS induced during stress responses in order to minimize oxidative damage. How can plants fine-tune this balance and meet such conflicting needs? Here, we show that XANTHINE

Formation of xanthine and the use of purine metabolites as a nitrogen source in Arabidopsis plants.

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In our recent paper in The Plant Journal,1 we described the remobilization of purine metabolites during natural and dark induced senescence in wild type and Atxdh1 mutant lines impaired in xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), a pivotal enzyme in the purine catabolism pathway. In the light of these

The RNAi-mediated silencing of xanthine dehydrogenase impairs growth and fertility and accelerates leaf senescence in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.

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Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is a ubiquitous enzyme involved in purine metabolism which catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid. Although the essential role of XDH is well documented in the nitrogen-fixing nodules of leguminous plants, the physiological importance of this

Genomic screens identify a new phytobacterial microbe-associated molecular pattern and the cognate Arabidopsis receptor-like kinase that mediates its immune elicitation.

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BACKGROUND The recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns during infection is central to the mounting of an effective immune response. In spite of their importance, it remains difficult to identify these molecules and the host receptors required for their perception, ultimately limiting

AMP and GMP Catabolism in Arabidopsis Converge on Xanthosine, Which Is Degraded by a Nucleoside Hydrolase Heterocomplex.

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Plants can fully catabolize purine nucleotides. A firmly established central intermediate is the purine base xanthine. In the current widely accepted model of plant purine nucleotide catabolism, xanthine can be generated in various ways involving either inosine and hypoxanthine or guanosine and

Plant purine nucleoside catabolism employs a guanosine deaminase required for the generation of xanthosine in Arabidopsis.

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Purine nucleotide catabolism is common to most organisms and involves a guanine deaminase to convert guanine to xanthine in animals, invertebrates, and microorganisms. Using metabolomic analysis of mutants, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis thaliana uses an alternative catabolic route employing a

Adenine nucleotide pool perturbation is a metabolic trigger for AMP deaminase inhibitor-based herbicide toxicity.

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AMP deaminase (AMPD) is essential for plant life, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for lethality caused by genetic and herbicide-based limitations in catalytic activity are unknown. Deaminoformycin (DF) is a synthetic modified nucleoside that is taken up by plant cells and 5'-phosphorylated

Characterization of a mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii deficient in the molybdenum cofactor.

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Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential micronutrient for almost all organisms. In eukaryotes, it forms a part of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco), which is required for numerous enzymes involved in carbon, nitrogen and sulfur metabolism. Mo is taken up by cells in the form of molybdate and recently molybdate

Uric acid accumulation in an Arabidopsis urate oxidase mutant impairs seedling establishment by blocking peroxisome maintenance.

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Purine nucleotides can be fully catabolized by plants to recycle nutrients. We have isolated a urate oxidase (uox) mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana that accumulates uric acid in all tissues, especially in the developing embryo. The mutant displays a reduced germination rate and is unable to establish

Early Senescence in Older Leaves of Low Nitrate-Grown Atxdh1 Uncovers a Role for Purine Catabolism in N Supply.

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The nitrogen (N)-rich ureides allantoin and allantoate, which are products of purine catabolism, play a role in N delivery in Leguminosae. Here, we examined their role as an N source in nonlegume plants using Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants mutated in XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE1 (AtXDH1), a

The AoPR10 promoter and certain endogenous PR10 genes respond to oxidative signals in Arabidopsis.

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SUMMARY The PR10 class of genes has been associated with plant defence. Previous studies with an asparagus PR10 gene (AoPR1) promoter in heterologous plants suggested that the AoPR10-GUS transgene was responsive to oxidative signals/stresses. Arabidopsis thaliana AoPR10-GUS transgenics allowed

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