Anticarcinogenic effects of Solanum lycopersicum fruit extract on Swiss albino and C57 Bl mice.
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In the present studies, the effect of Solanum lycopersicum extract on DMBA induced skin papillomas and B6 F10 melanomas was studied. Topical single application of DMBA at the dose of 4 mg/kg b.wt. followed by 1 % croton oil for 16 weeks produced a 100% incidence of skin papillomas which started appearing from the 6th week onwards. The mice which additionally received S. lycopersicum extract at 0.6 g/kg 2 day/week for 16 weeks showed a significant decrease in the number and incidence of tumors (p<0.05), with a delay in their appearance to week 10. Histopathological examination showed well and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas in the group which received DMBA + Croton oil treatment whereas hyperkeratosis and hyperplasia were more prevalent in DMBA + Croton oil + Lycopersicum extract treated animals. In a second experiment the effect of cyclophosphamide alone and in combination with S. lycopersicum extract was studied in B16F10 melanoma tumour bearing mice. The inhibition rate was 25.9% in the cyclophosphamide treated group but this increased to 37.7% with S. lycopersicum. The life span of tumour bearing animals was also increased. Thus in two models, S. lycopersicum extract exerted protective potential against skin tumors.