[Prevalence of dyslipidaemia, hypertension and vascular complications in newly diagnosed diabetics (prospective study: part 2)].

In a 10-year prospective study of a group of 314 newly manifested diabetics (1988-1991) aged 20-65 years the authors follow up the development of diabetic complications and therapeutic methods used in diabetes. 85 patients were classified on detection of diabetes as diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1, 228 as DM type 2. At the age under 30 years there were 10 subjects (group M), the remainder (304) formed group A. In this second part of the initial results the authors provide information on biochemical changes, prevalence of hypertension and vascular complications already during manifestation of DM. Hypercholesterolaemia was detected in 29% of the group,triacylglycerylaemia was recorded in 31%. The mean cholesterol levels were in the subgroup of patients above 50 years of age significantly higher in women (6.51 mmol/l) as compared with men of similar age (5.66 mmol/l), while mean triacylglycerol levels did not differ in men and women above 50 years of age. Pathologically elevated levels of microalbuminuria were recorded in 13.7%. Hypertension was found in 42.7% diabetics type 2 in group A. 8.4% of this group were examined for ischaemic heart disease. 4.8% of the patients had an acute myocardial infarction in the case-history and 1.3% a cerebrovascular attack. Ophthalmological examination revealed in 8 type 2 diabetics (3.5%) diabetic retinopathy.

CONCLUSIONS

In the investigated group of newly manifested diabetics aged under 65 years the authors detected a high prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipoproteinaemia and macroangiopathic complications, in particular in obese type 2 diabetics.