Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: purification and molecular analysis of the enzyme.

Purification and molecular analysis of ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.6) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is described first time. The enzyme was enriched from a haploid deletion mutant containing the wild-type gene on a multicopy plasmid elaborating the following steps: ammonium sulphate precipitation, interfacial salting out on Sepharose 6B, high performance liquid chromatography on Fractogel EMD DEAE and on Resource Phenyl. The enzyme activity was found to be rather unstable possibly caused by removal of stabilizing cofactors or proteins during the purification procedure. The purified enzyme showed a hyperbolic dependence on the substrate ribose-5-phosphate with a K(m)-value of 1.6 +/- 0.3 mmol/l. For the native enzyme a molecular mass of 115 +/- 10 kDa was determined as found by saccharose density gradient centrifugation, sedimentation equilibrium analysis, size exclusion chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting revealed one band with a molecular mass of 31 +/- 2 kDa. Thus, the native enzyme is composed of four subunits of identical size. The molecular mass of the subunit and the identified N-terminal sequence of 33 amino acids fits well the 258 amino acid protein encoded by the S. cerevisiae RKI open reading frame, which was characterized previously only by increasing specific activities of ribose-5-phosphate isomerase in cells after cloning the gene. On the basis of the conserved amino acids an alignment of the amino acid sequence of ribose-5-phosphate isomerase from yeast with those of the enzyme from mouse, spinach and Escherichia coli is presented.