Tobacco smoke exposure and pediatric otitis media: an empirical basis for practice.

Tobacco smoke exposure has been attributed to a myriad of pediatric clinical outcomes, with a staggering financial burden to society. This article is an examination of published research that has focused on the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and pediatric otitis media. The weight of evidence presented supports a positive relationship between the two clinical entities. Further clinical studies are needed so primary care providers may continue to build a strong empirical base for interventions directed at helping parents reduce tobacco smoke exposure in their children's home environments. Interventions based on the Ask, Advise, and Assist framework are recommended.