Delonix regia a Folklore Remedy for Diabetes; Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Modulates type II Diabetes Mellitus.

Folkloric profile of Delonix regia demonstrates its use in the management of diabetes.Present study was conducted to evaluate the antidiabetic potential, improvement in oxidative stress along with safety profile of the aerial part extracts of Delonix regia.Phytochemical screening, total phenolic, flavonoid contents along with in-vitro antioxidant and alpha amylase inhibitory activity was determined. HPLC analysis, acute toxicity, glucose tolerance, in-vivo antidiabetic effect along with influence on biochemical, oxidative stress parameters and comet assay of active extract was performed.Total phenolic (831.6±0.002 mg/g GAE) and flavonoid (361.4±0.002 mg/g QE) contents were found to be higher in methanolic extract. inhibitory concentration IC50 exhibits better results for methanolic extract in DPPH (47.6µg/mL) and alpha amylase inhibitory (14.61µg/mL) assays. HPLC analysis of methanolic extract confirmed the presence of quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid and p-coumeric acid. Acute oral toxicity exhibits no mortality and morbidity during 24h period. Methanolic extract exhibits better tolerance to glucose. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide (55-110 mg/kg) induced hyperglycemia declined along with improvement in hematological, biochemical parameters and oxidative stress markers (SOD, CAT, H202) in a dose dependent manner. Maximum effect was recorded at 500mg/kg dose. Comet assay was performed for genotoxic studies and it was observed that methanolic extract of Delonix regia showed maximum genoprotective effect at 100µg/mL.The findings suggest that methanolic aerial part extract exhibits hypoglycemic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity. Antidiabetic effect was comparable to glibenclamide suggesting its therapeutic use as a natural antidiabetic remedy.