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alpha glucan/nekrosis
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Effects of alpha-glucans from Agaricus bisporus on ex vivo cytokine production by LPS and PHA-stimulated PBMCs; a placebo-controlled study in slightly hypercholesterolemic subjects.
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BACKGROUND
Mushrooms are known for their immune modulating effect for which the polysaccharide fraction, mainly glucans, seem to be responsible. Fungal beta-glucans have been studied extensively, whereas little is known about mushroom alpha-glucans. We have earlier shown that the polysaccharide
Purification and partial characterization of an acidic α-glucan-protein complex from the fruiting body of Pleurotus sajor-caju and its effect on macrophage activation.
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The aim of this study was to purify an acidic α-glucan-protein complex from the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus sajor-caju by using the cell wall-degrading enzymes, xylanase and cellulase. The acidic glucan-protein complex was separated from a polysaccharide extract by using DEAE Toyopearl 650M
Effect of beta- and alpha-glucans on immune modulating factors expression in enterocyte-like Caco-2 and goblet-like LS 174T cells.
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Glucans are complex polysaccharides consisting of repeated units of d-glucose linked by glycosidic bonds. The nutritional contribution in α-glucans is mainly given by starch and glycogen while in β-glucans by mushrooms, yeasts and whole grains, such as barley and spelt well represented in the
Augmentation of host defense against bacterial infection pretreated intraperitoneally with an alpha-glucan RBS in mice.
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Protection against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli in mice was enhanced by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of polysaccharide "RBS". Peritoneal macrophages from mice administered i.p. with 30 mg/kg doses of RBS 4 days earlier exhibited increased scavenger functions as assessed by
Preparation of a glucan from the roots of Rubus crataegifolius Bge. and its immunological activity.
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A water-soluble glucan (RCP-1) was prepared from the roots of Rubus crataegifolius Bge. by extraction with hot-water, deproteination by Sevag reagent, alpha-amylase treatment and ultrafiltration. RCP-1 consisted of only glucose, and its molecular weight was determined to be approximately 7KD by high
BcGs1, a glycoprotein from Botrytis cinerea, elicits defence response and improves disease resistance in host plants.
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In this study, a necrosis-inducing protein was purified from the culture filtrate of the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea BC-98 strain. Secreted proteins were collected and fractionated by liquid chromatography. The fraction with the highest necrosis-inducing activity was further purified. A
Effects of fungal beta-glucan and interferon-gamma on the secretory functions of murine alveolar macrophages.
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We investigated the effect of a fungal component, soluble beta-glucan, on secretory functions of murine alveolar macrophages (AMs) in vitro. Stimulation by beta-glucan (500 microg/mL) or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; 100 U/mL) alone had a slight effect on AM functions, but when AMs were incubated
The Eng1 β-Glucanase Enhances Histoplasma Virulence by Reducing β-Glucan Exposure.
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The fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum parasitizes host phagocytes. To avoid antimicrobial immune responses, Histoplasma yeasts must minimize their detection by host receptors while simultaneously interacting with the phagocyte. Pathogenic Histoplasma yeast cells, but not avirulent mycelial
Anti-tumor activity of an enzymatically synthesized alpha-1,6 branched alpha-1,4-glucan, glycogen.
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Oral administration of an enzymatically synthesized alpha-1,4:1,6-glycogen (ESG) at a dose of 50 mug/ml significantly prolonged the survival time of Meth A tumor-bearing mice. ESG also significantly stimulated macrophage-like cells (J774.1), leading to augmented production of nitric oxide (NO) and
Structural analysis of glycogen-like polysaccharides having macrophage-activating activity in extracts of Lentinula edodes mycelia.
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An extract of Lentinula edodes mycelia (L.E.M.) was obtained with hot water after culturing in medium comprising bagasse and rice bran. It has been reported that L.E.M. exhibits physiological effects such as anticancer activity and immunoregulatory activity, and that such effects involve macrophage
Structural characterization of novel comb-like branched α-d-glucan from Arca inflata and its immunoregulatory activities in vitro and in vivo.
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In the current study, we identified and characterized a novel water-soluble polysaccharide (JNY2PW) with significant immunoregulatory effects and no apparent overall toxicity. JNY2PW, which was isolated from Arca inflata, belongs to a novel class of α-glucans with a molecular weight of 5.25 × 107
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