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Between 30 and 50% of patients who contract COVID 19 will be asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic. This fact will not give rise to the consult, and will directly affect a notorious sub-registration of the cases.
The second, even more disturbing, premise is that these patients are as contagious as the
Background
On February 21th 2020, SARS-CoV-2 outbreak erupted in Italy and, in the immediately subsequent period, all the Italian regional Health Systems had to face with an overwhelming increase of COVID-19 admissions requiring isolation, oxygen, ventilation and ICU beds.
The COVID-19 related
To date, there are no drugs or other therapeutics approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to prevent or treat COVID-19 that has spread globally resulting in the ongoing pandemic as declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020. While the majority of patients have
Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is frequent because of shared modes of viral transmission. Near 20% of HIV-infected patients are also infected with HCV, the prevalence of HCV in the HIV population varying according to the route of transmission.
1. Introduction:
Renal function and cardiac surgery
Impaired kidney function is a well known complication to cardiac surgery and is observed in up to 30% of the patients, depending on the definition of acute kidney injury (AKI). The precise pathophysiological mechanisms are unknown, it is, however,