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Carnitine acetyltransferase (CRAT) expression in macrophages is dispensable for nutrient stress sensing and inflammation.
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Fatty acid oxidation in macrophages is thought to regulate inflammatory status and insulin-sensitivity. An important unanswered question in this field is whether carnitine acetyl-transferase (CrAT) that regulates fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial acetyl-CoA balance is required to integrate
Effect of L-carnitine supplementation in comparison with moderate aerobic training on serum inflammatory parameters in healthy obese women.
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OBJECTIVE
Obesity is an important worldwide public health problem and considered a disease of chronic low-grade inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine supplementation in comparison with moderate aerobic exercise training on serum inflammatory parameters in
Effects of carnitine supplementation on flow-mediated dilation and vascular inflammatory responses to a high-fat meal in healthy young adults.
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Because carnitine has been shown to decrease oxidative stress and improve endothelial cell functioning, we examined the effects of carnitine supplementation on postprandial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and circulating biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress after a high-fat meal. A
Carnitine deficiency in OCTN2-/- newborn mice leads to a severe gut and immune phenotype with widespread atrophy, apoptosis and a pro-inflammatory response.
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We have investigated the gross, microscopic and molecular effects of carnitine deficiency in the neonatal gut using a mouse model with a loss-of-function mutation in the OCTN2 (SLC22A5) carnitine transporter. The tissue carnitine content of neonatal homozygous (OCTN2(-/-)) mouse small intestine was
Intravenous Carnitine Administration in Addition to Parenteral Nutrition With Lipid Emulsion May Decrease the Inflammatory Reaction in Postoperative Surgical Patients.
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BACKGROUND
A prospective randomized study was performed to investigate the validity of intravenous carnitine administration during postoperative parenteral nutrition (PN) with lipid emulsion.
METHODS
Patients undergoing surgery for gastric or colorectal cancer were enrolled in the study and were
L-Carnitine supplementation reduces biomarkers of inflammatory and oxidative stress in patients with coronary artery disease: a randomised controlled trial
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Objective: l-Carnitine has been suggested as a potential nutrient that alleviates the oxidative and inflammatory damages of coronary artery disease (CAD), but the results of the previous studies of the importance of this supplementation
Effects of Carnitine Administration on Carotid Intima-media Thickness and Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.
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Methods
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlledEffect of L-carnitine on carrageenan-induced inflammation in aged rats.
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BACKGROUND
It is known that L-carnitine is a cofactor in the transport of fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane for beta-oxidation. However, L-carnitine is an antioxidant compound widely used for the treatment of deficits in functions due to the aging process.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of
Inflammation and perturbation of the l-carnitine system in heart failure.
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BACKGROUND
Heart failure (HF) is accompanied by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Skeletal muscle myopathy with atrophy of fibres, decreased oxidative metabolism and preferential synthesis of fast myosin heavy chains (MHCs) occurs, which contributes to the worsening of symptoms.
Changes in carnitine in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, mononuclear cells, and plasma from patients with inflammatory disorders.
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After finding relatively large amounts of carnitine in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear cells from healthy subjects, we studied carnitine status in these cells and plasma from 20 patients with inflammatory disorders subsequent to multiple trauma and (or) head injury. The nonesterified
The pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α stimulates expression of the carnitine transporter OCTN2 (novel organic cation transporter 2) and carnitine uptake via nuclear factor-κB in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells.
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Carnitine uptake into tissues is mediated mainly by the novel organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2), whose expression is upregulated in the liver of early-lactating dairy cows. It has been shown recently that pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), stimulate OCTN2
Spontaneous development of intestinal and colonic atrophy and inflammation in the carnitine-deficient jvs (OCTN2(-/-)) mice.
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Carnitine is essential for transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for their subsequent beta-oxidation, but its role in the gastrointestinal tract has not been well described. Recently several genetic epidemiologic studies have shown strong association between mutations in carnitine
The variation of carnitine content in human blood cells during disease--a study in bacterial infection and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Carnitine in erythrocytes and leucocytes represents a small but essential part of the cellular carnitine pool. It was the objective of this study to document the changes of blood cell carnitine concentrations in disease entities with an enhanced cellular metabolism during acute and chronic
L-Carnitine and intestinal inflammation.
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The intestinal barrier is one of the most dynamic surfaces of the body. It is here where a single layer of epithelial cells mediates the intricate encounters that occur between the host's immune system and a multitude of potential threats present in the intestinal lumen. Several key factors play an
Abnormal carnitine distribution in the muscles of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.
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OBJECTIVE
To analyze the levels of free carnitine and carnitine esters in the muscles of patients with inflammatory myopathies.
METHODS
Six men and 7 women with inflammatory myopathy and 25 age-matched healthy controls were studied. Free carnitine and carnitine esters in muscle homogenates were
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