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Suitability of vaccinia virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) for determining activities of three commonly-used alcohol-based hand rubs against enveloped viruses.
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BACKGROUND
A procedure for including activity against enveloped viruses in the post-contamination treatment of hands has been recommended, but so far no European standard is available to implement it. In 2004, the German Robert Koch-Institute (RKI) and the German Association for the Control of Virus
Occurrence of Pseudocowpox virus associated to Bovine viral diarrhea virus-1, Brazilian Amazon.
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In 2011, an outbreak of severe vesicular disease occurred in the state of Pará, Amazon region. Besides proliferative or verrucous lesions, cattle showed atypical clinical signs such as diarrhea and leading to death. The animals were submitted to clinical, pathological and molecular diagnosis, and
A replicon trans-packaging system reveals the requirement of nonstructural proteins for the assembly of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) virion.
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A selective trans-packaging system was developed to produce and isolate bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) pseudo-particles with complementing reporter replicons and their packaging proteins expressed in trans with recombinant vaccinia virus. The encapsidation of replicon rNS3-5B was dependent not
Involvement of a bovine viral diarrhea virus NS5B locus in virion assembly.
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A novel mutant of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was found with a virion assembly phenotype attributable to an insertion into the NS5B polymerase locus. This mutant, termed 5B-741, was engineered by reverse genetics to express NS5B with a C-terminal peptide tag of 22 amino acids. Electroporation
Presentation of neutralizing epitopes by engineered rotavirus VP7's expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses.
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Previous studies showed that a calcium-dependent neutralization domain forms on the rotavirus glycoprotein VP7 during assembly into particles. Here, we demonstrate that expressed, recombinant VP7 is capable of forming this neutralization domain in the absence of other rotavirus proteins, but that
Virus reduction in the preparation of intravenous immune globulin: in vitro experiments.
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BACKGROUND
While immune globulins for intravenous administration (IGIV) have an excellent record with respect to virus safety, concern regarding these preparations has been raised by reports of transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) to patients treated with IGIV and the presence of genetic material
Recent advances in bovine vaccine technology.
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A description of new commercial and experimental vaccines for viral and bacterial diseases of cattle can be broadly divided into those used for both beef and dairy cows and those used predominantly in dairy cattle. For both types of cattle, newer and experimental vaccines are directed against
Cytopathogenicity of a pestivirus correlates with a 27-nucleotide insertion.
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Cytopathogenic (cp) bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains are generated in cattle persistently infected with noncytopathogenic (noncp) BVDV.cp BVDV strains are considered crucial for the development of fatal mucosal disease. Comparative analysis of cp and noncp BVDV strains isolated from one
[A plasmid-based reverse genetics system for rotaviruses].
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Rotavirus (RV), a non-enveloped icosahedral virus containing eleven gene segments of double-stranded RNA, is the leading cause of severe, acute diarrhea among infants and young children worldwide. Safe and effective rotavirus vaccines have been available since 2006, and have markedly reduced the
Susceptibility of bovine macrophage and tracheal-ring cultures to bovine viruses.
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Cultures of macrophages initiated from peripheral blood monocytes and organ cultures of tracheal rings were tested for their susceptibility to bovine viruses. With several notable exceptions, viruses cytopathogenic for bovine embryonic lung cultures were cytopathogenic for macrophages. Although
Testing virucidal activity in Germany: an update.
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Several chemical disinfectants have been tested in a quantitative suspension test for virucidal activity as per the test method devised by the German Society for Control of Viral Diseases (DVV) and the former German Federal Health Office (BGA, now the Robert Koch-Institute, RKI) drafted in 1982. The
Serine protease of pestiviruses: determination of cleavage sites.
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The single-stranded genomic RNA of pestiviruses is of positive polarity and encompasses one large open reading frame of about 4,000 codons. The resulting polyprotein is processed co- and posttranslationally by virus-encoded and host cell proteases to give rise to the mature viral proteins. A serine
Processing in the pestivirus E2-NS2 region: identification of proteins p7 and E2p7.
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The pestivirus genome encodes a single polyprotein which is subject to co- and posttranslational processing by cellular and viral proteases. The map positions of all virus-encoded proteins are known with the exception of a hypothetical peptide (p?) which interlinks the glycoprotein E2 and the
Disease versus disease: how one disease may ameliorate another.
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Systemic disease, either genetic or acquired, may prevent or decrease the severity of another disease. These observations have led to important therapeutic advances. The best-known examples are Edward Jenner's use in 1798 of cowpox to prevent smallpox and J.B. Haldane's 1942 observation that
Simultaneous serodetection of 10 highly prevalent mouse infectious pathogens in a single reaction by multiplex analysis.
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Under current practices of mouse colony maintenance, sera from mice are analyzed for antibodies against several widespread infectious pathogens by conventional immunoassays, generally enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To test for multiple agents, these methods consume large volumes of mouse
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